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Literary notes about supine (AI summary)

The word "supine" has been used in literature both in its literal sense—indicating a position of lying on one’s back—and in a more figurative or descriptive manner. In classical texts such as Dante’s Inferno and Homer’s Iliad, authors often depict characters lying supine to evoke images of defeat, vulnerability, or finality (e.g., [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]). In contrast, poets like Sappho employ the term to create an intimate and relaxed scene, suggesting a calm, almost inviting repose ([8]). Beyond these physical portrayals, authors have also used "supine" to critique passivity or indolence—for instance, characterizing political or social inertia ([9], [10], [11])—while scholars and translators sometimes focus on its precise lexical meaning ([12], [13], [14]). This variety of applications demonstrates how a single term can richly contribute to both the imagery and thematic nuance of a text.
  1. Supine he tumbles on the crimson sands, Before his helpless friends, and native bands, And spreads for aid his unavailing hands.
    — from The Iliad by Homer
  2. " Supine, and wildly gazing on the skies, With faint, expiring breath, the chief replies: "Vain boaster!
    — from The Iliad by Homer
  3. " This said, Pisander from the car he cast, And pierced his breast: supine he breathed his last.
    — from The Iliad by Homer
  4. Supine he fell: those arms which Mars before Had given the vanquish'd, now the victor bore:
    — from The Iliad by Homer
  5. Against the margin of his ample shield He struck his hasty foot: his heels up-sprung; Supine he fell; his brazen helmet rung.
    — from The Iliad by Homer
  6. Then, for my fault as if repentant grown, I said: ‘Report to him who fell supine, 110 That still among the living breathes his son.
    — from The Divine Comedy of Dante Alighieri: The Inferno by Dante Alighieri
  7. Supine upon the ground some folk were lying; And some were sitting all drawn up together, And others went about continually.
    — from Divine Comedy, Longfellow's Translation, Hell by Dante Alighieri
  8. And down I set the cushion Upon the couch that she, Relaxed supine upon it, Might give her lips to me.
    — from The Poems of Sappho: An Interpretative Rendition into English by Sappho
  9. If men will remain comparatively supine we must the more energetically sound the alarm, and point them to the danger.
    — from History of Woman Suffrage, Volume I
  10. But nothing seemed to rouse the supine Elisha, who chewed his quid like a placid beast of the field, and showed no sign of a proper spirit.
    — from Work: A Story of Experience by Louisa May Alcott
  11. These women are simply ignorant, simply supine.
    — from History of Woman Suffrage, Volume I
  12. supino supine; ( of ignorance ) careless, inexcusable, negligent.
    — from Doña Perfecta by Benito Pérez Galdós
  13. This is the supine in tum in Latin.
    — from The Declaration of Independence of the United States of America by Thomas Jefferson
  14. Hewitt thinks the proper Seneca form of the name may be Hăia′di′oñnĭ, signifying “His body lies supine.”
    — from Myths of the Cherokee by James Mooney

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