Literary notes about supine (AI summary)
The word "supine" has been used in literature both in its literal sense—indicating a position of lying on one’s back—and in a more figurative or descriptive manner. In classical texts such as Dante’s Inferno and Homer’s Iliad, authors often depict characters lying supine to evoke images of defeat, vulnerability, or finality (e.g., [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]). In contrast, poets like Sappho employ the term to create an intimate and relaxed scene, suggesting a calm, almost inviting repose ([8]). Beyond these physical portrayals, authors have also used "supine" to critique passivity or indolence—for instance, characterizing political or social inertia ([9], [10], [11])—while scholars and translators sometimes focus on its precise lexical meaning ([12], [13], [14]). This variety of applications demonstrates how a single term can richly contribute to both the imagery and thematic nuance of a text.
- Supine he tumbles on the crimson sands, Before his helpless friends, and native bands, And spreads for aid his unavailing hands.
— from The Iliad by Homer - " Supine, and wildly gazing on the skies, With faint, expiring breath, the chief replies: "Vain boaster!
— from The Iliad by Homer - " This said, Pisander from the car he cast, And pierced his breast: supine he breathed his last.
— from The Iliad by Homer - Supine he fell: those arms which Mars before Had given the vanquish'd, now the victor bore:
— from The Iliad by Homer - Against the margin of his ample shield He struck his hasty foot: his heels up-sprung; Supine he fell; his brazen helmet rung.
— from The Iliad by Homer - Then, for my fault as if repentant grown, I said: ‘Report to him who fell supine, 110 That still among the living breathes his son.
— from The Divine Comedy of Dante Alighieri: The Inferno by Dante Alighieri - Supine upon the ground some folk were lying; And some were sitting all drawn up together, And others went about continually.
— from Divine Comedy, Longfellow's Translation, Hell by Dante Alighieri - And down I set the cushion Upon the couch that she, Relaxed supine upon it, Might give her lips to me.
— from The Poems of Sappho: An Interpretative Rendition into English by Sappho - If men will remain comparatively supine we must the more energetically sound the alarm, and point them to the danger.
— from History of Woman Suffrage, Volume I - But nothing seemed to rouse the supine Elisha, who chewed his quid like a placid beast of the field, and showed no sign of a proper spirit.
— from Work: A Story of Experience by Louisa May Alcott - These women are simply ignorant, simply supine.
— from History of Woman Suffrage, Volume I - supino supine; ( of ignorance ) careless, inexcusable, negligent.
— from Doña Perfecta by Benito Pérez Galdós - This is the supine in tum in Latin.
— from The Declaration of Independence of the United States of America by Thomas Jefferson - Hewitt thinks the proper Seneca form of the name may be Hăia′di′oñnĭ, signifying “His body lies supine.”
— from Myths of the Cherokee by James Mooney