n
(philosophy) The Fichtean ego that posits its own existence and through the opposition of subject and object thus created dialectically evolves the universe.
n
An uncompromising person; one who maintains certain principles to be absolute.
n
Incomprehensibility of things; the doctrine held by the ancient skeptic philosophers, that human knowledge never amounts to certainty, but only to probability.
n
(philosophy) Thomist metaphysical and moral principle that indicates the connection of ontology, obligation, and ethics.
n
(art) An artistic technique involving the use of chance to produce an artwork.
n
(philosophy, psychology) A primitive, subconscious belieflike attitude which may contradict one's conscious beliefs.
adj
Present everywhere at the same time; omnipresent.
adj
(of a person) Advocating amoralism.
n
(philosophy) In the philosophy of Charles Peirce, a mode of evolution occurring by mechanical necessity.
n
(philosophy, sciences) The state or characteristic of being arational, of being outside the domain of reason.
n
(philosophy) The proper state or condition for a human.
n
(philosophy, existentialism, phenomenology) The self-contained and fully realized being or existence of objects.
n
(uncountable) The doctrine that all things exist, or are controlled, by chance.
n
(philosophy) Something that is generated within itself, or assigns itself a purpose.
n
(rare) Lack of creation.
n
Alternative form of dasein [(philosophy) Being; especially the nature of being; existence, presence, hereness, suchness, essence]
n
(philosophy) A fact known from direct observation.
n
(philosophy) A tendency to prefer dispositional attribution rather than situational attribution.
n
(philosophy) The problem of not being able to view reality outside of our own perceptions.
n
(philosophy) The ‘being of beings’; God.
n
(philosophy) Contemplation of one's own self.
n
A lifestyle that seeks to minimize nonessentials in order to focus on what is important.
adj
Obsolete form of ethic. [Moral, relating to morals.]
n
(philosophy) A person’s state of excellence characterized by objective flourishing across a lifetime, and brought about through the exercise of moral virtue, practical wisdom, and rationality.
adj
Concerning the very existence of something, especially with regard to extinction.
adj
(epistemology, of a knowing agent) Which does not know any falsities: which knows only truths.
n
(historical, philosophy, economics) A quasi-mathematical technique proposed by 19th-century utilitarian ethical theorists for determining the net amount of happiness, pleasure, or utility resulting from an action, sometimes regarded as a precursor of cost-benefit analysis.
n
Alternative spelling of first cause [(theology, philosophy, sometimes capitalized) An initial cause from which all other causes and effects follow.]
n
The doctrine that chance is involved in natural events rather than absolute determinism.
adj
guided by practical experience and observation rather than by theory
n
(philosophy of artificial intelligence, rare) Matter arranged in a way that produces pleasure or happiness as efficiently as possible, as might be encouraged by philosophical hedonism.
adj
(somewhat rare) Of or relating to immoralism.
n
(ethics, religion, uncountable) The doctrine that all human actions are not so much determined by the preceding events, conditions, causes or karma as by deliberate choice or free will.
n
(countable) An expression of such a doctrine or view.
n
(philosophy) The principle that if two objects are absolutely identical then they must be indistinguishable from one another with respect to all of their properties.
n
(QAnon, spiritualism) Comprehension of one's own purported innate knowledge.
n
(philosophy) selfhood; individual identity
n
(philosophy) A state of doubt regarding one's own "vocabulary" (set of communicative beliefs) that cannot be removed by making arguments in that vocabulary.
adj
Of or relating to irrationalism.
n
The problem of whether prescriptive statements—stating what the case ought to be—can be derived from descriptive statements—stating what the case is.
adj
(philosophy) Of or pertaining to moral rights and obligations.
n
the current time period, perceived as a part of modernity
n
(phenomenology) The experiences and choices of a given person, and the knowledge that they gain as a result.
n
An inner sense which distinguishes what is right from what is wrong, functioning as a guide for morally appropriate behaviour.
n
(uncountable) Recognition of the distinction between good and evil or between right and wrong; respect for and obedience to the rules of right conduct; the mental disposition or characteristic of behaving in a manner intended to produce morally good results.
n
(philosophy) The doctrine that some skills or abilities are innate and not learned.
n
Alternative form of nondeterminism [(philosophy) The opposite of determinism: the doctrine that there are factors other than the state and immutable laws of the universe involved in the unfolding of events, such as free will.]
n
Synonym of transcendental ego
n
(philosophy) The opposite of determinism: the doctrine that there are factors other than the state and immutable laws of the universe involved in the unfolding of events, such as free will.
n
(philosophy) That part of the psyche excluding the ego
n
(philosophy) the philosophical problem involving our ethical obligations to future persons which derives from the observation that different courses of action will result in entirely different, or nonidentical, persons coming to be.
adj
Based on observed facts; without subjective assessment.
adj
Such that all matter is capable of experience.
n
(dated, derogatory) One who holds incorrect or eccentric beliefs; a bad scientist; a crank.
adv
(philosophy) Being a thing that posits itself and is a principle of its own determination.
n
(philosophy, chiefly Kantian idealism) An experienced object whose constitution reflects the order and conceptual structure imposed upon it by the human mind (especially by the powers of perception and understanding).
adj
Having gone beyond materialism; no longer concerned with material things.
n
(philosophy) The use of reason to decide how to act.
n
A rule for assigning epistemic probabilities, according to which, in the absence of any relevant evidence, agents should distribute their credence (or 'degrees of belief') equally among all the possible outcomes.
n
(philosophy) The proposition that nothing happens without a sufficient reason why it should be as it is and not otherwise.
n
(philosophy) A fundamental phenomenon
n
(archaic) specious reasoning that pretends to be rational
adj
Having at least some basis in reality
n
Extreme simplification; reduction to a minimum; use of the fewest essentials
n
The belief that judgement is intuitive and that reflection and reason are subsequently applied to justify judgements.
n
The state of being secular.
n
An approach based on speculation rather than any formal method.
n
Principles of conduct shaped by one's ideas of morality, decency and honor.
n
(philosophy, religion, law) The way that people lived before there was any organized society.
adj
(philosophy, psychology) Experienced by a person mentally and not directly verifiable by others.
n
(physics) A generalization of determinism that includes the complete absence of free will.
n
(from Kantian philosophy on) A thing as it is independent of any conceptualization or perception by the human mind, postulated by practical reason but existing in a condition which is in principle unknowable and unexperienceable.
n
(philosophy) The Heideggerian concept of individual human existence as a case of being thrown arbitrarily into the world.
adj
(philosophy) Concerned with the a priori or intuitive basis of knowledge, independent of experience.
n
Alternative form of transcendental ego [(philosophy, phenomenology, Kantianism) The conscious self which is the unifying subject of a person's experiences and which cannot itself be experienced as an object, understood by Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) as knowable only by inference, and understood by Edmund Husserl (1859-1938) as pure consciousness.]
n
The transcending, or going beyond, empiricism, and ascertaining a priori the fundamental principles of human knowledge.
n
A person's standards and self-discipline set, based on the common sense and wisdom of knowing what the proper moral rules and discipline are, and the amount of willingness to see themselves and others abide by them.
n
(philosophy) A doctrine that assigns the most dominant position to the will rather than the intellect.
adj
(philosophy, of an action) Pursued because of reasons or motives intrinsic to the actor.
n
Technical rationality; rationality in accordance with organizational demands instead of moral demands.
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