n
Alternative spelling of omics [(biology) Any of several biochemical or genetic subfields that aim to identify the totality of a certain type of biological molecule, such as genomics for genes or proteomics for proteins.]
adj
(informal) Relatively close to the 5′ end of a strand of DNA.
n
(uncountable) A configuration of DNA in cells, right-hand twisting double helix with a small size difference between major groove and minor groove, wider and more squashed twist than B-DNA; found during transcription and replication.
n
(genetics) A gene that is required to make coenzyme Q.
adv
(genetics, biochemistry) Missing a nucleotide base.
n
(genetics) the totality of DNA adducts in an individual
n
(genetics) Any DNA sample recovered from biological samples not intended for DNA use, including historical and archeological samples.
n
(genetics) A gene that expresses an agnoprotein.
v
(bioinformatics) To organize a linear arrangement of DNA, RNA or protein sequences which have regions of similarity.
n
(bioinformatics) A way of arranging DNA, RNA or protein sequences in order to identify regions of similarity.
n
The construction and analysis of allergenomes
adj
(genetics) Describing repetitive tandem sequences of DNA in the human centromere
n
(genetics) A process by which the exons of the RNA produced by transcription of a gene (a primary gene transcript or pre-mRNA) are reconnected in multiple ways during RNA splicing, so as to allow production of multiple forms of protein from one gene.
n
(biology, genetics, biochemistry) The stop codon (nucleotide triplet) "UAG", or a mutant which has this stop codon at a premature place in its DNA sequence.
n
(genetics) a mutation that causes a complete loss of gene function.
adj
(genetics, of a mutation) Causing a complete loss of gene function.
n
(genetics) The using of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for isolating and exponentially amplifying a fragment or sequence of DNA.
n
(genetics) The result of gene amplification (by using LAMP)
n
(biochemistry) A piece of DNA formed as the products of natural or artificial amplification events, as in a polymerase chain reaction.
v
(genetics, transitive, intransitive) To make a double-stranded nucleic acid by pairing a single strand with a complementary strand.
n
(genetics) Information relating to the genetic structure of sequences of bases.
adj
(genetics) Of or relating to an antisense strand.
n
(genetics) A sequence of three nucleotides in transfer RNA that binds to the complementary triplet (codon) in messenger RNA to specify an amino acid during protein synthesis.
n
(genetics) An oligonucleotide that attaches to a specific gene and suppresses its action.
n
(genetics) The complementary strand of RNA from which the genome of a virus is constructed
n
(genetics) A pattern, in a nucleotide or amino-acid sequence, that appears less often than chance would predict and is conjectured to have biological significance.
adj
(biochemistry) Describing the orientations of the two strands of DNA.
adj
(genetics) that prevents the formation of repeats
n
(genetics) The suppression of transcription by means of an antisense
adj
(genetics) That counters the silencing of gene expression
v
(genetics) To override the termination of DNA transcription.
n
(genetics) The removal of a gene from a copy of its own RNA
n
(genetics) An autoregulatory loop (in a gene regulatory network).
n
(genetics) Part of a protein that allows it regulate its own genetic expression.
n
(genetics) A protein that causes autorepression
n
(genetics) An automatic sequencer
n
(genetics) The complete set of genomic regions that are identical by descent in an individual.
n
(countable) A DNA helix in such a configuration.
n
(biochemistry) bacterial artificial chromosome DNA
n
(genetics) The translation of an amino acid sequence into genetic code
adj
(genetics) produced by backtranslation
n
(cytology) A shuttle vector that can be propagated in both E. coli and insect cells.
n
(genetics) A human gene associated with Bartter syndrome.
n
(molecular biology) The sequence of nucleotide bases in a DNA molecule.
n
(genetics) The transient, lateral opening of a base pair in a nucleic acid molecule as a result of thermal motion or the presence of a defect
n
(genetics) The mean (average) of the dispersion of a gene
n
(genetics) A form of single-stranded satellite DNA associated with plant viruses
n
(genetics) A biallelic mutation
n
(genetics) A second, coexpressed plasmid
adj
(genetics) Having or involving two cistrons, loci responsible for generating a protein
adj
(genetics, of a protein) Coded for by genes on two different chromosomes
n
(genetics) A length of DNA sequence used, with others, to build synthetic biological circuits
n
(genetics) biological expression of a gene
adj
(genetics) Having two cistrons
n
(genetics) Only used in bithorax complex
n
A doubly transgenic organism
n
(biology) An algorithm which compares similarities between sequences of nucleotides in nucleic acids or of amino acids in proteins.
n
(genetics) One of two specific regions in a promoter.
n
(genetics) The amount of DNA (in picograms) in a haploid nucleus (a measure of the genome size)
n
(genetics, biochemistry) The nucleobase coding triplet cytosine (C), adenine (A), guanine (G).
n
(genetics) A gene which may play a role in a given disease.
n
a sequence of DNA, RNA, or amino acids that reflects the most common choice of base or amino acid at each position.
adj
(genetics) Acronym of CRISPR-associated.
n
A bacterial transposon that employs casposase as a recombinase
n
(genetics) A modular DNA sequence encoding one or more genes for a single biochemical function.
n
(genetics) A control gene.
n
(genetics) All the control genes of an organism
n
(genetics, singular only) The principle that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein.
n
(biochemistry, biology) a research method using small molecule inhibitors known to target specific proteins to examine the role of those specific proteins in biological (typically biochemical) processes
n
(genetics) A synthetic strand of RNA and DNA once used to repair DNA mutations
n
(genetics) A form of gene therapy that uses chimeraplasts
adj
(biology) Having two mutations on two genes on the same chromosome of a homologous pair.
adj
(genetics) Describing transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes on the same chromosome.
adj
Alternative spelling of cis-acting [(genetics) Describing transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes on the same chromosome.]
n
(genetics) cisregulatory element
n
(genetics) Any gene that is transmitted using cisgenesis
n
(genetics) Regulation of the transcription of nearby genes.
adj
(genetics) Regulating the transcription of nearby genes.
n
(microbiology) The set of DNA segments (cis) of a transacting factor on a genome scale.
n
The unit of hereditary material (e.g. DNA) that encodes one protein; sometimes used interchangeably with the word gene.
n
Initialism of copy number polymorphism. [(genetics) The normal variation in the number of copies (normally two) of a gene, or of sequences of DNA, in the genome of a specific individual]
n
(genetics) Initialism of copy-number variant, Initialism of copy number variation. [(genetics) A DNA sequence, 1000 nucleotides (or synonymously base pairs) in length or longer, that is present a variable number of times as copies in a genome relative to a reference genome.]
n
(genetics) A process wherein RNA transcription is increased by a coactivator protein.
n
(genetics) Any protein that binds to an activator as part of gene transcription
n
agroinfiltration in order to add two or more genes
n
(genetics) amplification (typically of DNA) along with another material
v
(genetics) (of the gene) to amplify together with another gene, or to amplify in multiple ways
v
(genetics, intransitive) To encode a protein.
n
(genetics) The deletion of two genes simultaneously
adj
(genetics) Formed via the genetic code
n
(biochemistry) A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides, which encode for a specific amino acid during protein synthesis or translation.
v
(genetics) To express together with another gene
n
(genetics) The simultaneous expression of two or more genes.
n
(genetics) The gene that codes for this protein.
n
(genetics) A delimiting marker between items in a genetic sequence.
adj
(genetics) Being a code of a kind that encodes a sequence of items without delimiting markers between them.
n
(genetics) The mobilization of two genes simultaneously
adj
(genetics) That compensates for a deleterious mutation
n
(genetics) A nucleotide sequence in which each base is replaced by the complementary base of the given sequence: adenine (A) by thymine (T) or uracil (U), cytosine (C) by guanine (G), and vice versa.
adj
(genetics) Of the specific pairings of the bases in DNA and RNA.
n
(genetics) The interaction between two genetic units such that an organism can function normally if either one is defective
n
(genetics) A complementation subunit
n
(biochemistry) A segment of DNA composed of multiple repeated sequences linked end to end.
n
(genetics) The collection of concatenated genes of an organism
v
(genetics) Alternative form of cosegregate [(genetics, of genes and their markers) To segregate (be inherited) together]
n
(genetics) A model of DNA replication that leaves intact the original DNA molecule.
n
A DNA or protein sequence with a high degree of sequence identity to other sequences in that species, or in others.
n
(genetics) The condition of being a conserved sequence of nucleic acid
n
(genetics) A segment of nucleic acid, created artificially, for transplantation into a target cell or tissue.
n
(genetics) A set of overlapping DNA segments, derived from a single source of genetic material, from which the complete sequence may be deduced.
n
(genetics) Selection for a desirable trait that has unintended negative consequences.
n
(genetics) The inhibition of the function of a suppressor.
adj
(genetics) That inhibits the function of a suppressor.
n
(genetics) A gene that controls the transcription of others in messenger RNA
n
(biochemistry) A DNA sequence that serves to coordinate the expression of two or more genes.
adj
(genetics) expressed by means of cooverexpression
n
(genetics) The overexpression of two or more proteins (by two or more genes working together)
n
(genetics) The result of gene or chromosomal duplication.
n
(genetics) The number of copies of a gene or plasmid within a cell's genome.
n
(genetics) The variation of the number of copies (normally two) of a gene, or of sequences of DNA, in the genome of a specific individual; has been linked to some diseases
n
(genetics) A DNA sequence, 1000 nucleotides (or synonymously base pairs) in length or longer, that is present a variable number of times as copies in a genome relative to a reference genome.
n
(genetics) Alternative form of copy number [(genetics) The number of copies of a gene or plasmid within a cell's genome.]
n
(genetics) The action of a corepressor
n
(genetics) Any substance that reacts with a genetic repressor in order to activate it and decrease gene expression
n
(genetics) The transmission of two or more linked genes on a chromosome to the same daughter cell leading to the inheritance by the offspring of these genes together.
n
(genetics) The shift (movement) of a gene along with another
n
(genetics) A type of plasmid (often used as a cloning vector) constructed by the insertion of cos sequences, which are DNA sequences of the lambda phage.
v
(genetics) To transcribe simultaneously.
n
(genetics) The simultaneous transcription of two or more genes.
n
The simultaneous transduction of multiple genes, especially of two bacterial marker genes
n
(genetics) The transfer of linked genes.
n
(genetics) The process by which multiple ribosomes simultaneously translate a single mRNA molecule into multiple copies of the same protein.
adj
(biology) Occurring at the same time as the translation stage of protein synthesis.
n
(genetics) The strand of a nucleic acid that is joined to a particular strand
n
(genetics) concomitantly variable codon
n
(genetics) The average number of reads representing a given nucleotide in the reconstructed sequence.
n
(genetics) A gene that is responsible for several pale colourations of horses
n
(genetics) A F0 generation mutant generated by CRISPR/Cas9-directed genome editing.
n
(microbiology) Segments of bacteria and archaea DNA containing short repetitions of base sequences.
n
(genetics) A coactivator of transcription
n
(genetics) A coding SNP (polymorphic base pair).
n
(genetics, biochemistry) A transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the CTCF gene.
adj
(especially genetics) From which a barcode has been removed
n
(genetics) A codon containing ten nucleotides.
n
(genetics, biochemistry) A pattern of ten repeats
n
(genetics) The removal of segmental duplication in genomes
n
(genetics) The collection of genes that code for proteins that are chemical stressors
n
(genetics) A mutant caused by the deletion of a gene
n
(genetics) All the genes deleted from a genome
n
(genetics) A mutation in which a gene, or other section of DNA, is removed from a chromosome.
n
(genetics) A form of polymorphism in the repeat units of DNA
n
(genetics) Process of introducing foreign DNA into host cells.
n
(genetics) That part of a genome / transcriptome concerned with the teeth of an organism
adj
(genetics, of a gene) activated by the removal of a repressor
n
(genetics) The inactivation of a repressor gene.
n
(genetics) The reverse of the silencing of gene expression
n
(genetics) Something that causes a nuclease to cut at a specified point
adj
(genetics) Synonym of bicistronic
n
(genetics) A group of two codons
n
(rare, genetics) The parts of a chromosome that are not needed and are thus dispensable
n
(genetics) A model of DNA replication in which two new DNA molecules are produced containing regions of either both original, or both new, strands.
n
Synonym of paired-end tag
n
(genetics) A pair of divergently-transcribed operons that work together in the same biological system
n
Alternative form of DNA [(informal) The part of a living being that carries genetic information.]
n
(genetics) A reagent consisting of a solution of DNA of specified length; used in gel electrophoresis as a standard.
n
(genetics) The string of base pairs (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine) which, when arranged in triplets to form codons, create a DNA string which encodes polypeptides.
n
(informal, genetics) A small portion of DNA associated with one or more genes or attributes
n
(genetics) A codon containing twelve nucleotides.
n
(biology, genetics) The property of a gene such that it suppresses the expression of its allele.
n
(genetics) A gene that is dominant.
adj
(genetics) That have two helical strands of nucleic acid that wind around each other and are connected by hydrogen bonds
adj
Alternative form of double-stranded [Having two strands]
n
(zoology, molecular biology) A gene in Drosophila melanogaster that produces the DBT protein kinase, used to control circadian rhythm.
n
(genetics, biochemistry) The lower than normal expression of a protein.
n
(genetics) The process, in the regulation of gene expression, in which the number, or activity of receptors decreases in order to decrease sensitivity
adj
(biology) Towards the 3′ end of a DNA molecule.
n
(genetics) The act of copying a nucleotide sequence from one chromosome to another.
n
(genetics) A chromosome-specific low-copy repeat.
n
Alternative form of duplicon [(genetics) A chromosome-specific low-copy repeat.]
n
(genetics) faulty expression (of a protein)
n
(genetics) An alteration to the DNA sequence of a chromosome; an act of gene splicing.
n
(genetics) That part of a genome that has undergone editing
n
Abbreviation of Encyclopedia of DNA Elements; a catalogue of all the functional elements, encoded in the human genome.
n
(genetics) An endogenous gene
n
(genetics) A short region of DNA that can increase transcription of genes
n
(genetics) The total epigenetic state of a cell
n
(genetics) A heritable change in gene expression that does not affect the actual base pair sequence of DNA.
n
(genetics) The modification of the expression of a gene by another unrelated one.
n
(genetics) An epigenetic transcriptome
n
The transcriptomics of epitranscriptomes
n
(genetics) The removal of a gene from a section of genetic material.
n
(genetics) One of a set of alternatively spliced internal regions of protein-coding exons.
n
(genetics) The complete exon content of an organism or individual; the subset of the genome that excludes introns.
adj
(genetics) Throughout an exome.
n
(genetics) A region of a transcribed gene present in the final functional RNA molecule.
n
(genetics) The proposed mixing of different exons either within a gene or between two nonallelic genes.
adj
(genetics) Relating to an exon
n
Alternative form of exonization [(genetics) Recruiting of a new exon from non-protein-coding, intronic DNA sequences.]
n
(genetics) Recruiting of a new exon from non-protein-coding, intronic DNA sequences.
adj
(genetics) Having a zero-length exon
adj
(genetics) transcribed
n
(biology) The process of translating a gene into a protein.
n
(genetics) All the gene expressions in a cell or organism considered as a whole
n
(genetics) Alternative form of expresser [One who expresses.]
n
(genetics) An altered conformation of a nucleic acid chain
n
(genetics) A chromosome that contains sequences which support foldback; A DNA molecule with a base sequence or sequences that are repeated in reverse order.
n
(genetics) regulatory gene and RNA gene responsible for the development of throat structures; in humans, those related to speech.
n
A particular, genetic syndrome, caused by the excessive repetition of a particular trinucleotide.
n
(genetics) The genomics of DNA fragments produced by apoptotic and necrotic cells
n
(genetics, "reading frame") A way of dividing nucleotide sequences into a set of consecutive triplets.
v
To use a starting point for translating a series of nucleotides that is off by an amount not divisible by three, resulting in an entirely distinct set of codons.
n
(genetics) A pseudoknot that causes frameshifting
n
(biochemistry, genetics) A genomics branch that measures expression levels of RNAs and proteins to understand biological functions of a set of genes in cells.
n
(genetics) The result of the hybridation of two genes which originally coded for separate proteins.
n
(genetics) A gene that is homologous to one on a sex chromosome.
n
(genetics) An unsequenced region in a sequence alignment.
n
(molecular biology) A distinct pattern of nucleotides, with the consensus sequence GGGCGG, found in the promoter region of some eukaryotic genes.
n
(genetics) Initialism of genomic DNA. (DNA in chromosomes)
n
(genetics) A repository for genetic material
n
A DNA sequence which can exist by itself in circular form, or can be integrated into an integron.
n
The process or result of causing a gene to spread rapidly through a population; especially the use of one or more molecular tools to stimulate biased inheritance of particular genes to alter entire populations of sexually reproducing organisms.
n
(genetics) The transcription and translation of a gene into messenger RNA and thus into a protein.
n
(genetics) A group of closely related genes that make similar gene products.
n
(genetics) RNA or protein product of a gene
n
(genetics) Any technique or mechanism by which the expression of a gene is prevented.
n
(genetics) A technique in which fragments of DNA (often from different individuals or species) are combined to form recombinant DNA, especially as a part of genetic engineering.
n
Any of several therapies involving the insertion of genes into a patient's cells in order to replace defective ones.
n
(biochemistry, genetics) The copying of DNA segments into RNA, by RNA polymerase, as the first stage of gene expression.
n
Transfer of genes between organisms, either horizontally between organisms in a manner other than reproduction, or vertically from the parental generation to offspring via sexual or asexual reproduction.
n
(genetics) A mutation inserted into an intron in order to identify individual genes
n
Alternative form of gene bank [(genetics) A repository for genetic material]
n
(genetics) A microarray used in analysing genomes.
n
(genetics) The transfer of alleles or genes between populations
n
(genetics) A very small gene, especially one whose function can be switched
n
A set of genes (with a specified function)
n
(genetics) The set of rules by which the sequence of bases in DNA are translated into the amino acid sequence of proteins.
n
(genetics) A flaw in the DNA.
n
A gene or DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome that can be used to identify individuals or species.
n
The material used to store genetic information in the nuclei, mitochondria or plastids of an organism's cells; either DNA or RNA
n
Alternative form of gene trap [(genetics) A mutation inserted into an intron in order to identify individual genes]
v
(genetics) To make such a copy
n
(genetics) The complete genetic information (either DNA or, in some viruses, RNA) of an organism.
n
(bioinformatics) The process of taking a large number of short DNA sequences and putting them back together to create a representation of the original chromosomes from which the DNA originated.
n
(genetics) The size (mass or number of base pairs) of a genome
n
(genetics) A procedure in which DNA from one species is transplanted into a cell of another species, and after repeated division of hybrid cells the original cells are destroyed; only achieved in bacteria so far
n
(biochemistry) The architectural "landscape" of a genome, typically represented by the occurrence of specific repeats
n
Alternative form of genome size [(genetics) The size (mass or number of base pairs) of a genome]
n
(genetics) The concept that all cells in an organism contain identical genes.
n
(biology, genetics) The alterable nature of prokaryotic genomes that enables the fluid exchange of DNA from one microorganism to another and allows prokaryotes to adapt their genomes rapidly so they can survive changes in environmental conditions.
n
(genetics) The study of the complete genome of an organism
n
(genetics) A coding sequence (or gene) together with the information necessary to fully express that coding sequence, such as epigenetic factors.
n
(biology) The DNA of a prokaryote.
n
(genetics) A genome and/or related transcriptome
n
(informal, genetics) Any gene that is involved in the regulation of aging and life span
n
(genetics) One billion bases (nucleotides) as a unit of length of a nucleic acid
n
(genetics) gigapreparation
n
(genetics) Abbreviation of gain of function. [(genetics) An increase in virulence or transmissibility]
n
(genetics) A gene that can identify the presence of a copy of itself in another individual
n
Allelic association for genes throughout a genome.
n
(countable) A DNA helix in such a configuration.
n
(genetics) Transfer of genetic information from a strand of nucleic acid that terminates in a hairpin ribozyme by first detaching one side of the base of the hairpin, so that the hairpin is flattened out before making the RNA copy.
adj
(genetics) Consisting of or containing a hairpin ribozyme
n
(genetics) The condition of being haplodeficient
v
To cause, or to undergo haploidisation
n
(genetics) A regulatory and RNA gene responsible for brain development.
n
(genetics) The headcase gene.
n
(biology) A transposon found in eukaryotes.
n
(genetics) Partial genetic complementation
adj
(genetics) Modified by hemicomplementation
adj
(genetics) Using a combination of degenerate oligonucleotides and oligonucleotides specific to the target genetic material.
n
(genetics) The partial genome inherited from either parent
n
(genetics) A codon containing seven nucleotides.
n
(genetics) Any of several alternative forms of a gene that differ at different mutation sites.
n
(genetics) A section of DNA composed of repeats of different nucleotides
n
(genetics) A motif that has six loops of nucleic acid
n
(genetics) A genetic primer composed of a mixture of hexanucleotides
n
(genetics, biochemistry) A pattern of six repeats (in a nucleic acid or protein (especially a prion))
n
Initialism of horizontal gene transfer. [(genetics) The transfer of genetic material from one organism to another one that is not its offspring; especially common among bacteria.]
n
(genetics) A junction between four strands of DNA. They are a key intermediate in many types of genetic recombination, as well as in double-strand break repair.
n
(genetics) The collective genome of a holobiont
n
The omics study of hologenomes.
n
(genetics, chiefly in the plural) One of several loci that have the same sequence of nucleotides.
n
(genetics) A length of repeated codons in a nucleic acid
n
(genetics) A DNA duplex having precisely complementary bases in the two strands
n
(genetics) The exchange of DNA between regions of homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis.
n
(genetics) A section of DNA composed of repeats of the same nucleotide
n
(genetics) A homoplasmic plasmid
n
(genetics) A polynucleotide composed of multiple copies of the same nucleotide
adj
(genetics) Describing a pairing of a purine with the same one on a neighboring strand of nucleic acid
adj
(genetics) Describing a pairing of a pyrimidine with the same one on a neighboring strand of nucleic acid
n
(genetics, biochemistry) A repeat in which all the nucleic acids (or amino acids) are the same
n
(chemistry) A sequence of identical repeating units (typically in a polymer chain)
n
(genetics) The region of a gene in which there is a higher than normal rate of mutation.
n
(genetics) Initialism of homologous recombination. [(genetics) The exchange of DNA between regions of homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis.]
n
(genetics) an organized international scientific endeavour to determine the complete structure of human genetic material (DNA), identify all the genes, and to understand their function
n
(genetics) The formation of double-stranded nucleic acid by complementary base-pairing
v
(genetics) To produce nucleic acid fragments by hydroshearing
n
(genetics) overexpression
n
(genetics) The set of nucleic acid hypermethylation in an organism's genome
n
(genetics) A hypermorphic mutation
n
(genetics) A particular inducible promoter of gene expression
adj
(genetics) Excessively transcribed
n
(genetics) Excessive transcription
n
(genetics) translocation by means of RNA polymerase
n
(genetics) Excessive variation
adj
(genetics, of a mutation) causing a partial loss of gene function.
n
(genetics) A hypomorphic mutation
n
(genetics) The effect of one gene preventing another from expressing.
n
(genetics) Sets of genes and corresponding RNAs or proteins whose functions are, as yet, unknown.
v
To mark a gene as being from a particular parent so that only one of the two copies of the gene is expressed.
n
(genetics) A subset of a genome that contains only imprinted genes
n
(genetics) The situation where the phenotype of the heterozygous phenotype is distinct from and often intermediate to the phenotypes of the homozygous phenotypes.
n
(genetics) The abnormal expression of a gene in decreased quantity
adj
Relating to less than a complete genome
n
(genetics) A codon that signals the first amino acid to be used in the synthesis of the polypeptide chain of a protein; either AUG or GUG
n
(genetics) A sequence of DNA inserted into another DNA molecule.
n
(genetics) A mutation that is inserted into a gene
n
(genetics) The addition of a nucleotide to a chromosome by mutation.
n
(genetics) A system of gene capture and dissemination
n
(genetics) The sequence of nucleic acid between specific codons
n
(genetics) Mutual complementation
n
(microbiology) DNA sequences located between genes that make up a large percentage of the human genome with no known function.
n
(genetics) A non-transcribed length of DNA separating repeated lengths of DNA containing genes encoding ribosomal rRNA with transcribed spacers.
adj
(genetics) Between operons
adj
(genetics) Between replichores
adj
(genetics) Within a gene
adj
(genetics) Within a gene
adj
(genetics) Within a replichore
n
(genetics) An introgressive gene
n
(genetics) A portion of a split gene that is included in pre-RNA transcripts but is removed during RNA processing and rapidly degraded.
n
(genetics) The conversion of exons into introns
v
(genetics) To undergo intronization
n
(genetics) A sequence of DNA that has a reasonably constant proportion of pairs of guanine and cytosine bases, and is rich in genes.
n
(genetics) The joining of two near-identical strands of a broken chromosome
n
(genetics) An assembled transcription sequence approximately equivalent to a gene
adj
(genetics) Having the same sequence of nucleotides.
n
(more informal) Synonym of transposon
n
(genetics) Any portion of the DNA sequence of a chromosome or a genome with no apparent function.
n
(genetics) Abbreviation of kilobase. [a length of double-stranded DNA containing two thousand nucleotides, one thousand on each strand]
n
a length of double-stranded DNA containing two thousand nucleotides, one thousand on each strand
n
(genetics) One thousand base pairs in succession (used as a measure of the size of a nucleic acid or a gene)
n
(genetics) Alternative form of kilobase pair [(genetics) One thousand base pairs in succession (used as a measure of the size of a nucleic acid or a gene)]
n
(genetics) The set of all kinases expressed in a cell or contained in a genome.
n
The study of the kinome.
n
(genetics) A motif of length "k"
n
(genetics) A genetically modified organism that carries one or more genes in its chromosomes that have been made less active or had their expression reduced.
n
(genetics) The insertion of a cDNA sequence at a particular locus in an organism's chromosome
n
(genetics) A creature engineered with a particular gene deactivated.
n
(biology, genetics) Any of several forms of mice that have been genetically engineered by inactivating specific genes
n
(genetics) The strand of DNA that is replicated from the 5' to the 3' direction.
n
(genetics) The sequence at the 5' end of an mRNA molecule that is not translated into protein.
n
(genetics) The strand of DNA that is synthesized during replication
n
(biology, computing) The informatics involved in the calculation of the length of telomeres or nucleic acids
n
(genetics) A collection of DNA material from a single organism or relative to a single disease.
n
(genetics) Acronym of long interspersed nuclear element, a type of retrotransposon in genomics.
n
(genetics) A non-random association of two or more alleles at two or more loci; normally caused by an interaction between genes, and often illustrated on a pairwise linkage disequilibrium diagram (HapMap)
v
(genetics) To ligate a DNA segment using a linker.
n
(genetics) A fixed position on a chromosome that may be occupied by one or more genes.
n
A large array, especially one of DNA probes that is used in genetic analysis.
n
(genetics) The study of macrogenomes
n
In physical gene mapping, the digestion of DNA of high molecular weight with a restriction enzyme having a low number of restriction sites.
n
Synonym of satellite DNA
n
(genetics) Incorrect segregation of chromosomes
n
(biology) The process of locating genes on a chromosome.
n
(genetics) The cutting (or incomplete copying) of the margins of a polynucleotide
n
(genetics) A gene with a known location in a chromosome; used to track the insertion of DNA into organisms
n
(genetics) Any of several very long palindromic stretches of DNA, especially those on the human Y-chromosome.
n
(genetics) maxipreparation
n
(genetics) million base pairs
n
(genetics) Alternative spelling of mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA)
n
A length of nucleic acid containing one million nucleotides (bases if single-stranded, base pairs if double-stranded)
n
(genetics) A software tool used in genome sequencing
n
(genetics) The deletion of many genes
n
(genetics) A large domain on certain chromosomes
n
(genetics) A very large genome
n
(genetics) The study of megagenomes
n
(genetics) megapreparation
n
(genetics) A mutagenesis technique that uses three oligonucleotide primers to perform two rounds of polymerase chain reaction
n
(genetics) A million reads (the identification of a million bases in a genome)
n
(genetics) A large DNA tandem repeat
n
A relatively large transposon
n
(biology) The gene symbol for C-Met, a proto-oncogene in human biology.
n
(genetics) A method of DNA barcoding that uses universal PCR primers to identify DNA from a mixture of organisms
n
(biochemistry, genetics) The study of metabogenomes
n
(genetics) An aggregate pattern of gene expression
n
(genetics) All the genetic material present in an environmental sample, consisting of the genomes of many individual organisms.
n
(genetics) The study of genomes recovered from environmental samples; especially the differentiation of genomes from multiple organisms or individuals, either in a symbiotic relationship, or at a crime scene.
n
(genetics) A field of study that encompasses metaproteomics and genomics.
n
(genetics) Synonym of metatranscription
n
(genetics) The transcription of the nucleic acid of a group of related, or interacting organisms
n
(genetics, ecology) The transcriptome of a group of interacting organisms or species
n
(genetics) The set of nucleic acid methylation modifications in an organism's genome or in a particular cell.
n
Initialism of mobile genetic element. [(genetics) A kind of genetic material, found in all organisms, that can move around within a genome, or be transferred from one species or replicon to another.]
n
(genetics) A very small chromosome found in birds and some reptiles
n
(genetics) collinearity of very short sequences
n
(genetics) A genetic mutation resulting from the deletion of a small part of a chromosome, usually involving many genes.
n
(biology) A genetic mutation resulting from the duplication of a small part of a chromosome
n
(genetics) A very short exon
n
(genetics) The genome of a microbiota
n
(genetics) The genomics of microgenomes
n
(genetics) Very small-scale heteroplasmy, typically in mitochondrial DNA
n
(genetics) The presence of the same short sequence of bases in different genes
n
(genetics) A very short indel (less than 50 bases)
n
(genetics) A small-scale genetic inversion
n
(genetics) A very small, localized mutation
n
The interactome of microRNA transcripts
n
(genetics) Very small scale recombination of nucleotides
n
(genetics) A very short repeat
n
(biochemistry) The complete set of microRNAs in an organism
n
(genetics) Any of a group of polymorphic loci in DNA that consist of repeat units of just a few base pairs.
v
To sequence very small amounts of protein or polypeptides
n
(genetics) A very small sequencer
n
(genetics) A form of synteny involving only a few genes
n
(genetics) An allele that contains an incomplete repeat unit.
n
(genetics) midipreparation
n
(genetics) One of the forms of circular DNA in a kinetoplast (the other being maxicircles). They produce gRNA (guide RNA) to decode the encrypted information in the maxicircles, typically through the insertion or deletion of uridine residues.
n
(genetics) A fragment of DNA whose content is known, especially one of many such overlapping fragments that are analyzed in gene mapping
n
(genetics) A small genome
n
(genetics) A small locus
n
(genetics) A short contiguous peptide motif
n
(genetics) A plasmid that has been reduced in size
n
small-scale preparation of plasmid DNA
n
(biochemistry) An unusually short prion
n
(genetics) A small replicon
n
(genetics) A short series of bases that reoccurs many times in a genome
adj
(genetics) analysed by minisequencing
n
A short linear covalently-closed DNA vector.
n
(genetics) A relatively small transgene
n
Alternative form of miRNAome [(genetics) All the microRNA segments coded by a genome]
n
(genetics) A short, hairpin intron
n
Incorrect expression, especially of a gene
adj
(genetics) Relating to the misexpression of a gene
adj
(genetics) Describing a chain of nucleic acid containing nucleotides that are not complementary to those in the corresponding position of the other chain.
n
(genetics) Faulty polyadenylation, typically of mRNA
n
(genetics) A faulty repair of DNA that produces genetic mutation
n
(genetics) The faulty segregation of chromosomes.
n
(biology) A damaged DNA sequence that is meaningful but has an incorrect meaning, with the result that its products do not do what they are supposed to do.
adj
(especially genetics) Relating to mistranslation
n
(genetics) The genetic material, typically inherited from one's mother, contained within the mitochondria of each of one's cells.
n
(genetics) All the mitochondrial genes of an organism
n
Alternative form of mtDNA
n
(genetics) mitochondrial genome
n
(genetics) The study of the complete genome of the mitochondrion of an organism
n
(genetics) An oligomer consisting of alternating short stretches of LNA and DNA.
n
(genetics) A kind of genetic material, found in all organisms, that can move around within a genome, or be transferred from one species or replicon to another.
n
Alternative form of mobilome [(genetics) The entirety of the mobile (transposable) elements of a genome]
n
(genetics) The transport of a copy of a gene from one chromosome, or one organism to another.
n
(genetics) The entirety of the mobile (transposable) elements of a genome
n
(biochemistry, genetics) The study of posttranslational modifications of the proteins associated with a particular genome
n
(genetics) the technology of gene manipulation
n
A field of biology which studies the structure and function of genes at a molecular level.
n
an enzyme capable of removing specific genes from a sequence of DNA, especially to disable the replication of a virus
adj
(genetics) Having or involving a single cistron
adj
(genetics) Relating to a single codon
adj
(genetics) Describing any gene that has a copy number of one
n
(genetics) A single nucleotide
adj
(genetics) reassortant in a single manner
n
(molecular biology, often attributive) A macromolecular structure composed of a single strand (nucleotide chain).
n
(medicine) A unit for expressing the relative distance between genes on a chromosome.
n
(genetics) Any organism that has been treated with a morpholino to alter the expression of a gene
n
(biochemistry) In a nucleotide or aminoacid sequence, pattern that is widespread and has, or is conjectured to have, a biological significance.
n
(genetics) alignment with multiple genetic sequencies
adj
(genetics) Having or involving a multiple cistrons
adj
(genetics) Relating to multiple codons
n
(genetics) A loop with three or more closing pairs.
n
A multiple genome, but especially a transcriptome and related epigenome
n
(genetics) multiomic genetics
adj
(genetics) Characterised by multiple replicons
adj
(genetics) Involving multiple spaces between gene sequences
n
(genetics) genomics by the use of organisms that are only found in museum collections
n
(genetics) An extremely short chromosome, typically hosting just a single gene
n
(genetics) A newly-formed cassette
n
(genetics) expression of a protein not previously present
n
Alternative form of neofunctionalization [(genetics) The development of a new function of an existing group of genes by means of mutation]
v
(genetics) To move a gene to a new location
n
(genetics) The skipping of new exons in the construction of epitopes.
n
(genetics) One of the single-stranded DNA segments produced during nick translation.
n
(genetics) A tagging technique in molecular biology in which DNA polymerase I is used to replace some of the nucleotides of a DNA sequence with their labelled analogues, creating a tagged sequence which can be used as a probe in hybridization or blotting techniques.
n
(genetics) The measured level of variation in gene expression among cells, regardless of source, within a supposedly identical population.
n
Alternative form of junk DNA [(genetics) Any portion of the DNA sequence of a chromosome or a genome with no apparent function.]
n
(genetics) A codon containing nine nucleotides.
adj
(genetics, of a portion of DNA) That does not code for protein.
n
(genetics) failure (of mutations) to complement one another
adj
(genetics) Not complementing
n
(genetics) Something that does not express genes
n
(genetics) Lack of penetrance; failure of a particular variation of a gene to penetrate.
n
(biology) A damaged DNA sequence whose products are not biologically active, that is, that does nothing.
n
(genetics) A point mutation that generates either a premature stop codon, or a codon that does not specify any amino acid.
adj
(genetics) Describing a point mutation within a stop codon that causes the continued translation of an mRNA strand.
n
(molecular biology) A laboratory technique, akin to Southern blot analysis, used to identify RNA fragments.
n
Alternative form of nDNA [(genetics) nuclear DNA (the DNA found within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells)]
adj
(genetics, of a mutation) Causing a complete loss of gene function; amorphic.
n
(genetics) A sequence of bases (in a nucleic acid) that is absent in one species (especially human) but may be present in others.
n
(genetics) the obese gene
n
(molecular biology, colloquial) The stop codon sequence "UAA."
n
(genetics) An eight-base hairpin loop motif
n
(genetics) A codon containing eight nucleotides.
n
(genetics) One of a pair of paralogous sequences that result from complete genome duplication.
n
(genetics) The capture of reasonably large DNA fragments for sequencing
n
(genetics) One of a few genes that, together, control a specific trait
n
An oligonucleotide microarray
n
(genetics) A series of several nucleosomes
n
(genetics) A section of several repeats in a chromosome
n
A sequence of several things, especially an oligonucleotide
n
(genetics) A particular assemblage of contigs.
n
(biology, genetics, biochemistry) A colloquial name used in molecular biology referring to a particular stop codon sequence, "UGA."
n
(genetics) A sequence of DNA triplets, between the initiator and terminator codons, that can be transcribed into mRNA and later translated into protein.
n
A unit of genetic material that functions in a coordinated manner by means of an operator, a promoter, and structural genes that are transcribed together.
n
(genetics) A gene located outside the main chromosomal locus.
n
The state of a gene wherein a heterozygote has a higher risk disease than either of its homozygote parents.
v
(genetics, transitive) To artificially express (a gene) in increased quantity.
n
(genetics) Something that experiences (or produces) overexpression
n
Alternative form of overexpresser [(genetics) Something that experiences (or produces) overexpression]
v
(genetics) To have some similar nucleotide sequences.
n
(biochemistry) Excessive suppression (of a gene, hormone etc.)
adj
(genetics) Excessively transcribed
n
(genetics) Excessive transcription
n
(genetics) Any of the short sequences, at the 5’ and 3’ ends of a DNA fragment, that are sufficiently unique (theoretically) so as to exist together only once in a genome, therefore making the sequence of the DNA in between them available upon search.
n
(genetics) A stretch of DNA in which the sequence of nucleotides on one strand are in the reverse order to that of the complementary strand
n
(genetics) The genome of all the strains of a particular species (typically of bacteria)
n
(genetics) An ortholog that is conserved throughout a genome.
n
(genetics) The complete set of paralogous genes in a genome.
n
(genetics) plasmid cloning DNA
n
(genetics, biochemistry) A pattern of five repeats (in a nucleic acid or protein (especially a prion))
n
(genetics) A Drosophila gene, the gene product of which is involved in regulation of the circadian rhythm.
n
(countable, genetics) Acronym of paired-end tag. [(genetics) Any of the short sequences, at the 5’ and 3’ ends of a DNA fragment, that are sufficiently unique (theoretically) so as to exist together only once in a genome, therefore making the sequence of the DNA in between them available upon search.]
n
Any of a family of vectors for protein expression where the expression of the insert DNA is controlled by the T7 promoter, a phage promoter.
n
(genetics) 10¹⁵ bases in a nucleic acid
n
(genetics) A pharmacoepigenetic genome
n
(genetics) The phase-variable genes of an organism
n
(genetics) The complete set of gene phylogenies of an individual or organism
n
(genetics) The totality of physiological functions associated with the genes of a genome
n
(genetics) A transposon used in genetic engineering
n
(genetics, attributive) A class of genes originally identified as encoding regulatory proteins responsible for maintaining incomplete differentiation in stem cells and maintaining the stability of cell division rates in germline cells.
n
A modular self-cloning minitransposon
n
(genetics) The equivalent of a simple gene in plastids
n
(biochemistry) plasmid-like DNA
n
(genetics) A particular method of DNA sequencing, including first lengthening the DNA by means of DNA polymerase.
n
(genetics) A group of mRNAs expressed from a single transcription unit
n
(genetics) A repeat of many cytidine groups in a stretch of RNA
n
(genetics) A stretch of repeated guanine nucleotides in a nucleic acid
n
A polynucleotide composed of repeats of a single nucleotide
n
(genetics) A short sequence of DNA containing several restriction enzyme recognition sites that is contained in cloning vectors
n
(molecular biology) A technique in molecular biology for creating multiple copies of DNA from a sample; used in genetic fingerprinting etc.
n
(genetics) A polymeric repeat
adj
(biochemistry, of nucleic acid) That contains many repetitions
n
(genetics) A sequence of multiple thymidine nucleosides found in the intron
n
(genetics) A repeat of many thymine bases in a stretch of DNA
n
(genetics) A nucleotide repeat
adj
(genetics) Describing any of various fields of study that are only possible after the publication of the genome of an organism.
adj
(genetics) Following transcription
n
(genetics, biology) Used, attributively, to describe the period following replication of nucleic acid
adj
Alternative form of posttranscriptional [(genetics) Subsequent to the transcription of RNA.]
adj
(genetics) Subsequent to the transcription of RNA.
adv
(genetics) Subsequent to the transcription of RNA.
adj
(genetics, biochemistry) Of or pertaining to the period after a protein has been translated from mRNA.
n
(genetics) The part of a viral gene that is not necessary for replication
n
(genetics) A group of genes common to early predators
n
(genetics) A collection of pregenomic RNA
n
(biochemistry, genetics) The complete set of prenylated compounds associated with a particular genome.
adj
(genetics) Prior to transcription
n
(genetics) The nucleotide sequence TATAAT, an essential part of a promoter site on DNA for transcription to occur in bacteria.
n
(genetics) The RNA molecule that is produced by transcription of DNA, before splicing or polyadenylation
n
(genetics) A collection of two or more probes that are designed to measure a single molecular species.
n
(genetics) A measure of the average number of nucleotides added by a DNA polymerase enzyme per association/disassociation with the template.
n
(genetics) An RNA transcript of a genome
n
(genetics) The section of DNA that controls the initiation of RNA transcription as a product of a gene.
n
(genetics) (the study of) all the genetic promoters of an organism
n
(genetics) the elongation part of transcription
n
(genetics) A field of study that encompasses proteomics and genomics.
n
(genetics) A section of RNA that develops into an intron
n
(genetics) An immature silencer
n
(genetics) A particular DNA motif.
adj
(genetics) Describing a site in a codon into which introns are first inserted
n
The genomes of all the proviruses that inhabit a particular organism or environment
n
(genetics) A full-length protein that has high local similarity with a specific short length of nucleic acid
n
(genetics) A quick method of alignment (of genomic reads) using secondary information
n
(genetics) Either of the two genes involved in pseudoallelism.
n
(genetics) The situation in which two genes with similar functions are located so close to one another on a chromosome that they are genetically linked and tend to be inherited together
n
(genetics) An imperfect (mutated or incomplete) copy of a gene that is inserted into another segment of the DNA or RNA.
n
(genetics) A sequence of nucleic acid bases that has the characteristics of an exon but takes no part in the splicing of genes
n
(genetics) A deleterious mutation that does not actually add function
n
(genetics) A segment of DNA that is part of the genome of an organism, and which is similar to a gene but does not code for a gene product.
n
(genetics) The conversion of a gene into a pseudogene.
adj
That converts a gene into a pseudogene
n
(genetics) A secondary structure in RNA in which half of one stem is intercalated between the two halves of another stem.
n
(genetics) A concatenation of contigs with a small sequence between them, intended to represent a larger, native-sized molecule.
n
(genetics) A motif that is part of a pseudogene
n
A stretch of DNA, consisting of an odd number of base pairs, of which the nucleotides on one strand are in the reverse order to that of the complementary strand except for the central nucleotide, which is necessarily different.
n
(genetics) The exchange of nucleic acid between two organisms (typically viruses)
adj
(genetics) Formed by pseudorecombination
n
(genetics) A splice that is ignored by the spliceosome
n
(genetics) A pseudoknot in the form of a trefoil
n
(biology) A nonrandom pattern of repeated elements, which are found more frequently in the 3′ untranslated regions of genes than in other regions of the human genome. Although it is unclear how pyknons might have arisen, it is possible that they may be involved in a new form of gene regulation.
n
(genetics) A technique used to sequence DNA using chemiluminescent enzymatic reactions.
n
(genetics) A sequence derived from 454 pyrosequencing of PCR-based small subunit ribosomal RNA amplicons.
n
(genetics) a codon containing four nucleotides
n
(biochemistry, genetics) A quasipalindromic DNA sequence
adj
(biochemistry, of a DNA sequence) Approximately palindromic (containing inverted repeats)
n
(genetics) A group of similar nucleic acid molecules; a group of viruses having such similar genomes
n
The genome of genes affected by radiation
n
(genetics) A count of the sequence of bases read in a genomic analysis
n
(genetics) A length of nucleic acid that has been sequenced.
n
(genetics) Any of three possible sequences of codons in which an RNA sequence could be translated.
n
Alternative form of read length [(genetics) A length of nucleic acid that has been sequenced.]
n
(genetics) The situation where a modified stop codon allows transcription to continue beyond the usual point.
n
(genetics) A gene that is recessive.
v
(genetics) To rearrange the codons of a gene
n
(genetics) The replacement or reattachment of a terminal codon to a gene
adj
(genetics, of a gene) That has a (terminal) codon replaced or reattached
n
(genetics) DNA that has been engineered by splicing together fragments of DNA from multiple species and introduced into the cells of a host.
n
(genetics) The formation of genetic combinations in offspring that are not present in the parents.
n
(genetic biology) A sequence of nucleotides that act as a signal for the recombination of amino acids.
n
(genetics) A technique, modelled on natural homologous recombination, used to systematically modify DNA
adj
(genetics) That undergoes recombination
n
(genetics) An organelle posited to control genetic recombination
n
(genetics) The smallest genetic unit that is capable of undergoing recombination.
n
(genetics, biology) A second or subsequent conjugation
n
(genetics) An autosomal-recessive mouse mutant in which cortical neurons are generated normally but abnormally placed, a lack of reelin causing disorganization of cortical laminar layers. It has a reeling gait.
n
(genetics) A second or subsequent genotyping.
n
(genetics) Mechanism controlling DNA transcription.
n
(genetics) A gene involved in controlling the expression of one or more other genes.
n
(genetics) A group of genes that are regulated by the same regulatory molecule. The genes of a regulon share a common regulatory element binding site or promoter. The genes comprising a regulon may be located non-contiguously in the genome
n
(genetics, biochemistry) A pattern of nucleic acids that occur in multiple copies throughout a genome (or of amino acids in a protein).
n
(genetics) A specific sequence of bases that repeats within a nucleic acid (or of amino acids within a protein)
adj
(genetics) Lacking repeats
n
(genetics) The condition of being repeatless
n
(genetics) All the repeats in a genome
n
(biology) The process of producing replicas of DNA or RNA molecules.
n
The Y-shaped region of a chromosome that is the site of DNA replication
n
(genetics) A replicated half of a chromosome in some bacteria
n
(genetics) A DNA molecule or a region of DNA that replicates as an individual unit. A replicon may be, for instance, a chromosome, a plasmid or a phage.
n
(biochemistry) The DNA fragment made during a replication fork
n
(biology) A gene attached by a researcher to a regulatory sequence of another gene of interest, typically used as an indication of whether a certain gene has been taken up by or expressed in the cell or organism population.
n
(genetics) Any protein that binds to DNA and thus regulates the expression of genes by decreasing the rate of transcription.
n
(genetics) The sequencing of part of an individual's genome in order to detect sequence differences between the individual and the standard genome of the species.
n
(biology) The mechanism by which a cell degrades foreign DNA material.
n
(genetics) A retrogene, copied from mRNA, that has lost all introns
n
(genetics) The reverse transcription of a gene from mRNA into a complementary DNA copy
n
(genetics) A retrotransposon.
n
(genetics) The reintegration of an intron into DNA
n
(genetics) Synonym of retrotransfer
n
(genetics) A reversal of normal mutagenesis that allows a mutation to escape being selected
n
(biochemistry) A sequence of DNA associated with reverse transcription
n
(genetics) phylogenomics based on the analysis of retroposons
n
(genetics) Any plasmid that replicates via reverse transcription
adj
(genetics) inserted into a chromosome following reverse transcription
n
(genetics) The insertion of a fragment of DNA into a chromosome following reverse transcription
n
(genetics) A fragment of DNA inserted into a chromosome following reverse transcription from RNA.
n
(genetics) A decayed retrocopy.
n
(genetics) A sequence of DNA produced by reverse transcription
v
(genetics) To transcribe RNA to DNA.
n
(genetics) The transcription of RNA to DNA
n
(genetics) A complete set of retrotranscripts
adj
(genetics) Able to undergo retrotransposition
v
(genetics) To cause or to undergo retrotransposition.
n
(genetics) A transposable fragment of a genome that can undergo retrotransposition.
adj
(genetics) In which cDNA synthetization is obtained from an RNA template.
n
The practice of identifying the functions of known genes.
n
(genetics) The process of creating double-stranded DNA from a single-stranded RNA template (the reverse of the standard process).
n
(genetics, biochemistry) Abbreviation of regulatory factor X. (a gene and protein family)
v
(genetics, of an antibody) To substitute a rhesus sequence for a human sequence into a nucleic acid
n
(genetics) genetic regulation by RNA
n
(biology, genetics) An RNA that regulates expression of itself or another nucleic acid in response to a signaling event.
n
A species identified or characterized by ribotyping
n
(genetics) The analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism of rRNA genes in order to differentiate between species etc.
n
(genetics) A section of DNA whose length varies among individuals and which is delimited by a base which does not occur within it.
n
(molecular biology) Repeat-induced point mutation, a process by which both copies of duplicated sequences are mutated.
n
(genetics) A diagram that shows the differing levels of gene expression of a particular gene / protein) in different parts of an organism
n
(genetics) A process in which the exons of a primary gene transcript, the pre-mRNA, are separated and reconnected so as to produce alternative ribonucleotide arrangements in the final mRNA
n
(genetics) An array of tandemly repeating, non-coding DNA
n
(genetics) All the satellite DNA of an organism
n
(molecular biology) A segment of DNA or RNA that is under the control of a single autonomous promotor. A single scripton may encode multiple cistrons involving separate terminators.
n
(genetics) An organism that is the result of segregation; a segregate
n
(genetics) A gene that distorts in its own favour the theoretically equal probability of either of two parental alleles being present in the mature gamete.
n
(genetics) A structured collection of positively-selected traits
adj
(genetics, of an intron) Able to splice without the addition of any protein factors.
adj
(genetics) Describing the process of DNA replication in which the two strands of the molecule separate, each acting as a template for the formation of a complementary new strand.
n
(genetics) A codon containing seven nucleotides.
n
(genetics) The condition of being sequencable
n
(bioinformatics) The aligning and merging of fragments from a longer DNA sequence in order to reconstruct the original sequence.
n
A device for determining the sequence of monomers in a polymer, especially amino acids in protein, or bases in DNA; A sequenator.
n
(molecular biology) The procedure of determining the order of amino acids in the polypeptide chain of a protein (protein sequencing) or of nucleotides in a DNA section comprising a gene (gene sequencing).
n
(genetics) A gene in Drosophila melanogaster that encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase protein essential to the development of R7 cells in the embryonic eye.
n
(genetics) A mutation in which the DNA or RNA from two different sources (such as viruses or bacteria) combine.
n
(genetics) A pattern in DNA where two or more nucleotides are repeated and the repeated sequences are directly adjacent to each other, used in determining genetic profiles to identify an individual.
n
(genetics) A DNA sequencing technique in which a large number of small fragments of a long DNA strand are generated at random, sequenced, and reassembled to form a sequence of the original strand.
n
(genetics) A plasmid that "shuffles" recombination sites on DNA segments
n
(cytology) A vector constructed, usually with selectable markers and tags, so that it can propagate in two different host species.
n
(genetics) Something that prevents gene expression
n
(genetics) The prevention of the expression of a gene
n
(genetics) Acronym of short interspersed element, a type of retrotransposon in genomics.
adj
Alternative form of single-stranded [Having one strand]
n
(genetics) A transposon used in genetic engineering.
n
(genetics) A small section of codon nucleotide sequences that controls the rate of ribosomal frameshifting.
n
(genetics) Plural acronym for "short open reading frames".
n
(genetics) A short RNA transcript, of known sequence, used to calibrate sequencing
n
(genetics) The process of removing intron sequences from the pre-messenger RNA, and then joining together exons.
n
(genetics) A varian form of a mRNA produced by RNA splicing
n
Alternative form of splice form [An isoform produced by alternative splicing of RNA transcripts]
n
Alternative form of splice form [An isoform produced by alternative splicing of RNA transcripts]
adj
(genetics) Occurring in a spliceosome.
n
(genetics) A dynamic complex of RNA and protein subunits that removes introns from precursor mRNA.
n
The omics concept of stability of mRNA.
n
The codon at which translation of mRNA into protein starts, encoding the first amino acid.
n
(genetics) A short length of intramolecularly bonded single-stranded DNA or RNA
n
Alternative form of stem-loop [(genetics) A short length of intramolecularly bonded single-stranded DNA or RNA]
n
(genetics) A system of genes that are regulated by the same stimulus
n
(biology, genetics, biochemistry) a sequence of three RNA nucleotides (A, C, G or U) that instruct the synthesis, or translation, of a protein to stop. The three-letter stop codon sequences have been given names: "UAG" is amber, "UGA" is opal, and "UAA" is ochre.
n
Alternative form of stop codon [(biology, genetics, biochemistry) a sequence of three RNA nucleotides (A, C, G or U) that instruct the synthesis, or translation, of a protein to stop. The three-letter stop codon sequences have been given names: "UAG" is amber, "UGA" is opal, and "UAA" is ochre.]
n
(genetics) An operator in a genome that stops transcription
n
(genetics) short tandem repeat.
n
(genetics) A section of DNA contained within the genome of lambda vector that is replaced by the DNA to be cloned.
n
A short length of amplicon
v
(genetics) To reclone part of a previously-cloned DNA segment into a new vector
n
(genetics, grammar) A partial deletion.
n
(genetics) A part of an exon composed of one or more introns
n
(biochemistry, genetics) A subsection of a fragment (of nucleic acid etc)
n
(genetics) The independent specialization of the two gene copies formed by duplication.
n
(genetics) A subset of a gene
n
(genetics) A subset of a genome, especially one that has a specific function
n
(genetics) The study of subgenomes
adj
(genetics) Composed of less than a million nucleotides
adj
(biology) At a rate/ratio less than that of Mendelian reproduction
n
(genetics) A subset of the metabolome
n
(genetics) A group of nucleotides that form a subset of a motif.
n
(genetics) The subfunctionalization of a gene that is followed by neofunctionalization
n
(genetics) A constituent part of an operon
n
(genetics) A subset of a proteome
n
(genetics) A subset of a read (sequence of DNA generated by sequencing)
n
(genetics) A set of joint contigs from the individuals of a study group or population.
adj
(genetics) Controlling or enhancing the expression of another pair of genes or chromosomes.
n
(genetics) A region of a genome composed of many enhancers
n
(genetics) Synonym of overexpression
n
(genetics) All the genes encoded on an organism's chromosomes together with those encoded on mobile genetic elements such as plasmids and transposons
n
(genetics) An integron with a long gene cassette array
n
(genetics) A position on a chromosome that is part of many genes
n
A large, multi-functional operon
n
(genetics) A particularly effective repressor
n
(genetics) An extended wobble that relies on codon synonyms
n
(genetics) A gene that suppresses the effect of another through epistasis.
n
(genetics) Synonym of pangenome
n
(genetics) Synonym of overexpression
n
(genetics) A mechanism within DNA that activates or deactivates a gene.
n
(genetics) The coordinated expression of separate genes that have the same function
n
(genetics) A type of genetic interaction in which two (or more) mutations which are not lethal when occurring singly in a cell are lethal when they occur together in the same cell.
v
(genetics) To cause, or to undergo tagmentation
n
(genetics) A pattern of adjacent repeats in DNA
n
(genetics) A plasmid that selectively targets a specific gene
n
(genetics) A DNA sequence (cis-regulatory element) found in the promoter region of genes in archaea and eukaryotes.
n
Alternative form of t-DNA [(genetics) transfer DNA]
n
(genetics) An amount of genetic sequence data equivalent to 10¹² base pairs
n
(genetics) A four-base hairpin loop motif in RNA secondary structure that caps many double helices
n
(genetics) A codon containing four nucleotides
n
(genetics) The use of a thermocycler to amplify DNA segments
n
(molecular biology) Acronym of targeting induced local lesions in genomes: a method that allows directed identification of mutations in a specific gene.
n
A gene encoding an essential protein that regulates circadian rhythm, normally written in italics: timeless.
n
(genetics) A master gene in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, whose absence causes the fly to develop without a heart.
n
(genetics) transfer-messenger RNA
n
(genetics) A measure of 30S-mRNA binding.
n
(genetics) A gene whose mutation affects the trachea of certain insects
adj
(genetics) Describing transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes on a different chromosome.
n
(genetics) The activation of a gene by the presence of another at a different locus, especially following infection by a virus
n
(genetics) An endogenous cellular or viral protein that triggers transactivation.
n
(genetics) A gene involved in transcomplementation
n
(genetics) complementation between different genes
n
(genetics) An organism (especially a bacterium) that has incorporated DNA from another via conjugation
n
(genetics) The process, or the result of transconjugating
n
(genetics) A molecule of RNA produced by transcription
n
(genetics) The synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA.
n
(molecular biology, genetics) A protein that binds to specific DNA sequences, thereby controlling the flow (or transcription) of genetic information from DNA to mRNA.
n
(biochemistry, genetics) The complete set of RNA molecules (transcripts) produced in a cell or a population of cells.
n
(genetics) The study of the transcriptome of a species or individual
n
(genetics) A holocomplex of proteins involved in the transcription of nucleic acid
n
(genetics) The condition of being transdominant
adj
(genetics, of a mutation) That can control the expression of a structural gene on another chromosome
v
(genetics) To cause, or to undergo transduplication
n
(genetics) The acquisition of unrelated gene fragments by a transposable element
adj
(genetics) Across or between exons
n
(genetics) The conveying of genetic material from one cell to another.
n
(genetics) The genomic study of horizontal gene transfer
n
(genetics) A transcribed fragment (of DNA)
n
(biology, genetics) The transfer of DNA by the physical contact of cells
v
(transitive, genetics) To generate a chain of amino acids based on the sequence of codons in an mRNA molecule.
adj
(genetics) Relating to the process whereby a strand of mRNA directs assembly of amino acids into proteins.
n
(genetics, biology, computing) The branch of bioinformatics that uses genomic data as its source
n
(genetics) The totality of proteins formed by translation of mRNA
adj
(genetics) Causing translocation
n
(genetics) A transfer of a chromosomal segment to a new position, especially on a nonhomologous chromosome; the segment so transferred.
adj
(genetics) Describing organisms created via the transfer of a chain locus
n
(genetics) A transplastomic genome
v
(genetics) To join two exons end-to-end
n
(genetics) Any organism that has a transposon in its genome
n
(genetics) The set of genetic transpositions (or of the transposases and transposons) in an organism.
n
(genetics) A segment of DNA that can move to a different position within a genome, or to the genome of another species.
n
A commercial transposon.
n
(genetics) A transfected genetic regulator
n
(genetics) A transfected genetic repressor.
n
(genetics) An epigenetic interaction between an allele on one chromosome and the corresponding allele on the homologous chromosome
n
(biochemistry) transgenic DNA
n
(genetics) A group of three codons
n
(genetics) A motif that has three loops of nucleic acid
n
(genetics) a codon containing three nucleotides
n
(genetics, medicine) Any of a group of disorders caused by stretches of DNA that contain a sequence of three nucleotides repeated many times
n
An intron within another intron.
n
(genetics) A very large genetic scaffold
n
(genetics) an extension of pyrosequencing
adj
(genetics) Insufficiently sequenced
adj
Alternative form of monocistronic [(genetics) Having or involving a single cistron]
n
(genetics) A cluster of genes that perform a particular function
adj
(genetics) Composed of a single genotype
n
(genetics) A single read of the identity of a base in a nucleic acid string
n
(genetics) A unique sequence (of bases in a nucleic acid)
n
(genetics) A chunk of a contig.
n
(genetics) A device that assembles unitigs.
n
(genetics, neologism) The totality of genes of unknown function in a genome
v
(transitive, genetics) To activate (a dormant or repressed gene).
n
Alternative spelling of upregulation [(genetics) The process, in the regulation of gene expression, in which the number, or activity of receptors increases in order to increase sensitivity]
n
(genetics, biochemistry) The greater than normal expression of a protein.
n
(genetics) The process, in the regulation of gene expression, in which the number, or activity of receptors increases in order to increase sensitivity
n
(genetics) Any DNA sequence that exists in multiple copies strung together in various tandem lengths.
n
(genetics) A different sequence of a gene (locus).
n
(genetics) The genomics of variomes
n
(molecular biology) A DNA molecule used to carry genetic information from one organism into another.
n
(genetics) A section of DNA that corresponds with a gene
n
The study of viral genomes
n
(biochemistry) whole genome amplified DNA
n
Initialism of whole-genome duplication. [(genetics) A form of polyploidy in which an organism has duplicate copies of its entire genome]
n
(genetics) A variation in the third nucleotide of a codon that codes for a specific aminoacid
n
(genetics) A non-linear strand of DNA where certain cruciform binding proteins can compete for binding.
n
(genetics) Any gene located on the sex chromosomes. Typically, these genes are found on the X chromosome and not on the Y chromosome.
n
(countable) A DNA helix in such a configuration.
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