n
(UK, law, historical) In old English law, one taking a corporal oath, that is, by laying the hand on the Bible, in distinction from one taking the oath in other forms, or affirming.
n
(archaic) Advocacy; the act of advocating or pleading.
n
One who has an advowson.
n
(US, law) An instruction intended to prevent a hung jury by encouraging jurors in the minority to reconsider.
n
A member of a council; a trusted adviser.
n
(law, in some Hispanic jurisdictions, such as Mexico) A writ or an appeal demanding or seeking the protection of constitutional rights similar to a habeas corpus acting as a remedy for the violation of a person's constitutional rights thereby invalidating any laws preventing said person from exercising them.
n
(law) The trial court record sent to an appeal court concerning an appeal.
n
(law) An appellate court, to hear appeals against lower tribunals.
n
(historical) One of the clergy in the Jansenist controversy who rejected the bull Unigenitus issued in 1713, appealing to a pope "better informed", or to a general council.
n
(law) A court having jurisdiction to hear appeals and review a lower court's decisions.
n
(with of) A person or object having the power of judging and determining, or ordaining, without control; one whose power of deciding and governing is not limited.
n
A person to whom the authority to settle or judge a dispute is delegated.
n
(law) A ranking or setting forth in order, by the proper officer, of a jury as impanelled in a cause; the panel itself; or the whole body of jurors summoned to attend the court.
n
(law) A writ which lies for a party against whom judgment is recovered, but to whom good matter of discharge has subsequently accrued which could not have been availed of to prevent such judgment.
n
(law) The paper containing the decision of arbitrators; that which is warded.
n
(law) A trial by judge as opposed to a trial by jury.
adj
(law, historical) A jury made up partly of natives and partly of foreigners.
v
To admit (someone) to practice in the courts.
n
(Australia, law) A session where trial dates are allocated to upcoming cases.
n
(law) An arrest warrant; a writ commanding officers to take a specified person or persons into custody.
n
(ethics) A person who resolves cases of conscience or moral duty.
n
(US, law) A grant of the right of an appeal to be heard by an appellate court where that court has discretion to choose which appeals it will hear.
n
A point, issue etc. which has already been decided (especially legally) and is therefore not worth discussing.
n
(law) A body of rules that regulate the administration of civil trials and appeals.
n
(law, Channel Islands) An ancient Norman legal procedure, still valid in the Channel Islands, in which any person can publicly recite a certain formula calling on the sovereign's aid and thereby create a form of injunction requiring certain conduct to cease until a court can determine its lawfulness.
n
One of a group of people who swear an oath together
n
(Scotland, law) A person who appears in court.
n
(now historical, law) A character witness in canon law who swore an oath that the accused was innocent.
n
(law, obsolete) One bound by a common oath with others.
n
(law) A certificate for a court discharge.
v
(transitive) To risk (a consequence, usually negative).
n
An event in which a person who has been charged with a crime or named as a party to a lawsuit appears in court, either in person or through an attorney.
n
(law) An appellate court.
n
A judicial assembly that is created to investigate and rule on a specific incident.
n
(law) A written command, issued by a judge, requiring whomever it is served upon to do whatever the order says, under penalty of being held in contempt of court.
n
(of a controversy, question, etc) A person, divinity, or authoritative text which decides.
n
(law) In common law, the formal document specifying plaintiff's cause of action, including the facts necessary to sustain a proper cause of action, and to advise the defendant of the grounds upon which he is being sued.
n
(law) The judicial decision in a litigated cause rendered by a court of equity.
n
(Scotland, law) The final judgment of the Court of Session, or of an inferior court, by which the question at issue is decided.
n
(law) A writ to commission private persons to do some act in place of a judge, such as to examine a witness, etc.
n
A judge; an adjudicator.
n
A judge; one who pronounces sentence or doom.
n
Alternative form of deemster [A judge; one who pronounces sentence or doom.]
n
Obsolete form of deemster. [A judge; one who pronounces sentence or doom.]
n
(law) The pupillage of a prospective advocate or barrister.
n
(law) A day on which courts are not held.
n
Alternative form of dicast (“juror in ancient Athens”) [(historical) A juror in ancient Athens.]
n
(law) A schedule of cases awaiting action in a court.
n
(law) The limits of laws and legal proceedings, so as to ensure a person fairness, justice and liberty.
n
(law) A list of jurors; a panel.
adv
(law) As a group, particularly with respect to a legal decision rendered by all of the judges sitting on a court, rather than by a smaller panel of judges from that court.
n
(law) The power of a court of law having extra-statutory discretion, to decide legal matters and to provide legal relief apart from, though not in violation of, the prevailing legal code; in some cases, a court "sitting in equity" may provide relief to a complainant should the code be found either inapplicable or insufficient to do so.
n
(law) The person or persons (such as jurors or judges) who consider evidence in a legal proceeding and make determinations on assertions of fact.
n
(law) In a legal proceeding, the person or persons given the task of weighing all evidence presented and determining the facts of the case in light of that evidence; the jury, or where there is no jury, the judge.
n
(law) A civil or criminal trial that is held in accordance with the laws of the country. In the United States, this includes the right to consult with a lawyer and be judged by a competent, independent and impartial jury and judge.
n
(English law) A warrant of a judge for certain processes.
n
(law) In English law, a writ of execution issued after judgment obtained in a legal action for debt or damages.
n
(law) In some states, the second legal order on a divorce, issued after the filing of a declaration of separation.
n
(law) The member of a jury who presides over it and speaks on its behalf.
n
(law) The situation where a person sues another person (friend) purely to settle a point of (unsettled) law.
n
A member of a grand jury.
n
(law) The legal process that uses such a jury
n
(US, law, informal) An order from the Supreme Court of the United States summarily disposing of a petition for certiorari by granting the petition, vacating the judgment of the lower court, and remanding to the lower court for reconsideration.
n
(law) A writ ordering that a person be brought before a court or a judge, most frequently used to ensure that a person's imprisonment, detention, or commitment is legal.
n
(countable, law) A legal procedure done before a judge, without a jury, as with an evidentiary hearing.
n
A judge or panel of judges who are very active in asking questions during an oral argument.
v
Alternative form of impanel [To enrol (jurors), e.g. from a jury pool; to register (the names of jurors) on a "panel" or official list.]
adj
(law) In a lawsuit against a specific individual, a summons and complaint to give the court jurisdiction that is served to a person to try a case. In personam means that a judgment can be enforceable against the person wherever he/she is.
n
(UK, law) A writ of prohibition against proceeding in the spiritual court in certain cases, when the suit belongs to the common-law courts.
n
(law) A writ or process, granted by a court of equity, and, in some cases, under statutes, by a court of law, whereby a party is required to do or to refrain from doing certain acts, according to the exigency of the writ.
n
an local investigation, in medieval England, into the lands of a deceased person in order to discover what income and legal rights were due to the crown
n
(law) Initialism of jury trial. [(law) A legal process in which the guilt or liability of a party is determined by a jury, a group of citizens selected from the local population.]
n
A person who decides the fate of someone or something that has been called into question.
n
The chief judge of a car rally
n
(idiomatic) Someone with the roles of judge, jury and executioner; someone with full power to judge and punish others unilaterally.
adj
(sometimes derogatory) Created by judges or judicial decision; used especially of law applied or established by the judicial interpretation of statutes so as to extend or restrict their scope, as to meet new cases, to provide new or better remedies, etc.
n
The art, skill, or craft of being a judge.
n
One who acts as a judge.
n
(law) The legal means to recover a right or to prevent or obtain redress for a wrong
n
A fair and open-minded approach to the law and a patient and courteous treatment of the parties to a case on the part of a judge.
n
One who has taken an oath, especially a religious one.
n
(law) A sworn statement concerning where, when, and before whom an oath has been made.
adj
(rare) Of or belonging to a jury.
n
(law) A member of a jury.
n
A group of judges in a competition.
n
The area in a courtroom wherein the jury is seated during a trial.
n
A period of time during which a person is obliged to be a member of a panel of people who may be called as members of one or more juries.
n
(law, historical) A jury for the trial of a foreigner, composed equally of citizens and aliens.
n
(historical) A jury of women impanelled to try a question of pregnancy, as where a widow alleges herself to be with child by her late husband, or a woman sentenced to death, to stay execution, pleads that she is with child.
n
(US) A group of people from which a certain number are selected to sit on a jury.
n
(law) the eligible population from which jury members can be selected
n
(law) A legal process in which the guilt or liability of a party is determined by a jury, a group of citizens selected from the local population.
n
One who is impaneled on a jury, or who serves as a juror.
adj
(US) Having had interactions with the criminal justice system as a defendant.
n
A lay person who acts as (or is) a judge, or who assists a (professional) judge, in a court proceeding (especially in jurisdictions which do not use juries).
n
(chiefly Britain, law, usually attributive) The process by which a case is appealed or allowed to be appealed directly to a supreme court, bypassing an intermediate appellate court.
n
Legal proceedings; a lawsuit.
n
(law, historical, Scotland) The process or authority by which a person, directed by the decree of a court of justice to pay or perform anything, is ordered to comply.
n
(law) A formal request from a court to a foreign court for some type of judicial assistance.
n
(Australia, informal, law) The High Court case Mabo v Queensland (No 2), which rejected the doctrine of terra nullius in favour of the common-law doctrine of aboriginal title.
n
(law, historical) A writ directed to the sheriff, commanding him to take sureties, called mainpernors, for the prisoner's appearance, and to let him go at large.
n
(Australia, law) the judge or adjudicator in a consumer court.
n
(law) In United States civil procedure, the contact required between a party and a state in order for the courts of that state to constitutionally assert personal jurisdiction over that party.
n
(law) The issue in a writ of right.
n
(India, historical) A judge or other person learned in the law.
n
An issue regarded as potentially debatable, but no longer practically applicable. Although the idea may still be worth debating and exploring academically, and such discussion may be useful for addressing similar issues in the future, the idea has been rendered irrelevant for the present issue.
adj
Made, or proven to be, moot.
n
A disputer of a mooted case.
n
(law) A formal request, oral or written, made to a judge or court of law to obtain an official court ruling or order for a legal action to be taken by, or on behalf of, the movant.
n
(England, law) A part of a court case in which a judge, sitting alone and without a jury, hears evidence on factual points disputed between prosecution and defence.
n
(historical, Anglicanism) Someone who refuses to swear a particular oath, specifically a clergyman who refused to take the oath of allegiance to William and Mary in 1689.
n
A group of people other than a jury.
n
(common law) A public notary, a legal practitioner who prepares, attests to, and certifies documents, witnesses affidavits, and administers oaths.
n
In a group having an odd number of people, someone with the casting vote; an arbiter.
v
(US, informal) To have a larger or stronger legal team than.
n
(obsolete, law, only in phrases "trial per pais" and "matter in pais") The people from among whom a jury is chosen.
n
(law) A document containing the names of persons summoned as jurors by the sheriff.
n
(British spelling, Canadian spelling) A person who appears on a panel, either as a member of a committee or jury, or as part of a panel game.
n
(law, Scotland) A note in the margin of a summons, giving the name and designation of the pursuer.
n
(historical, law) A jury consisting half of natives and half of aliens.
n
(law) in the law of civil procedure, the ability of a court to hear a case brought against a party stemming from that party's presence, activities, or contacts within a specified set of geographical boundaries, usually the borders of a county, state, or nation.
n
(law) A regular trial jury, assembled to determine criminal or civil liability.
n
(law, US, Australia) a legal decision made by a judge or court.
n
(law) A writ issued in the third place, after two former writs have been disregarded.
n
(law, historical) A writ in law used by the superior courts to remove cases from inferior courts.
n
(law) The form, manner, and order of conducting and carrying on suits and prosecutions through their various stages, according to the principles of law and the rules laid down by the courts.
n
(law) A request to a court to issue process.
n
(law, now historical) The offence in English law of bringing suit in or obeying a foreign (especially papal) court or authority, thus challenging the supremacy of the Crown. The offence was created by the Statute of Praemunire 1393 (16 Richard II, chapter 5), and abolished by the Criminal Law Act 1967 (chapter 58).
n
(law, England, historical) More fully writ of praemunire facias: a writ directing a sheriff to forewarn a person that he or she must appear before a court to answer a criminal charge of having brought a suit in or obeyed a foreign (especially papal) court or authority, thus challenging the supremacy of the Crown; a praemunire.
n
(European Union law) A decision of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) on the interpretation of European Union law, made at the request of a court or tribunal of a European Union member state.
adj
(law) Representing oneself (in court); without an attorney.
n
(law) A prerogative writ that sends a case from an appellate court to a lower court with an order to proceed to judgment.
n
(law, plural only) The course of procedure in the prosecution of an action at law.
n
(law) The institution of legal proceedings (particularly criminal) against a person.
adj
(Scotland, law, archaic) Of a court case, allowing all evidence.
n
(US, law) In the law of civil procedure, an intentional act by one party directed into a particular state, thereby permitting that state to constitutionally assert personal jurisdiction over that party.
n
(law) A writ whereby a private individual who assists a prosecution can receive all or part of any penalty imposed.
n
A recorder, or municipal judge.
n
The day when a defendant is to appear in court, and the sheriff is to return the writ and his proceedings.
n
(US, law) The right of a person accused of a crime to consult with an attorney before speaking with police.
n
(law) A judicial writ directing the sheriff to make the record known to a specified party, and requiring that defendant to show cause why the party bringing the writ should not be able to cite that record in his own interest, or why, in the case of letters patent and grants, the patent or grant should not be annulled and vacated.
n
(law) A court order in the form of a warrant, authorizing the search of a home and/or other privacy-protected place(s), notably to seek unlawful possessions, evidence etc. as part of a judicial inquiry
n
(law) The serving, or delivery, of a summons or writ.
n
(law) The effective notification of a lawsuit such that a court may proceed with the case.
n
(US, law) The cases resolved by the US Supreme Court that do not involve briefing, oral argument, or full judicial opinions.
n
(US, law) a short conference, between a judge and the attorneys of a case, held outside the hearing of the jury and the spectators at the court
n
(chiefly US, law) Conversation in the courtroom between lawyers and the judge that jury members are not able to hear.
n
(UK, law, historical) A writ issuing out of chancery, upon certificate given by the ordinary, of a man's standing excommunicate by the space of forty days, for the laying him up in prison till he submit himself to the authority of the church.
n
(law) A judicial proceeding other than an action, such as a writ of mandamus.
n
(law) A meeting that a court may require to be held between parties to a case to determine whether those parties are prepared to go to trial.
n
(law) A list of cases, maintained by a court or prosecutor, that are not to be tried for the time being.
v
(law, jurisprudence) To constitute a special jury ordered by a court, by each party striking out a certain number of names from a prepared list of jurors, so as to reduce it to the number of persons required by law.
n
(law) A special jury, composed of persons having special knowledge or qualifications, selected by striking from the panel of jurors a certain number for each party, leaving the number required by law to try the cause.
adj
(law, of a case or matter before a court) Under consideration; being presently considered, litigated, or adjudicated.
n
(law) The attempt to gain an end by legal process; a process instituted in a court of law for the recovery of a right or claim; a lawsuit.
n
(law) A person available to fill vacancies in a jury.
n
(law) Someone summoned to a jury when a tales is awarded, to make up numbers.
n
Alternative form of test case [(law) A legal action intended to set a precedent.]
n
Alternative form of jury trial [(law) A legal process in which the guilt or liability of a party is determined by a jury, a group of citizens selected from the local population.]
n
(law) A new trial in which the court or tribunal proceeds as though the original trial had not taken place.
n
(law) A person appointed by law to try challenges of jurors; a trior.
n
(law) A person or group of people given the responsibility of determining the facts of a case from evidence presented in a legal proceeding.
n
(law, colloquial) A jury (normally composed of twelve persons).
n
(poetic or humorous) A jury of twelve members of the public.
n
(law) A person who arbitrates between contending parties.
n
(historical) One of the nonjurors who maintained the "usages", mixed chalices, oblation in prayer of consecration, and prayer for the dead.
n
(law, chiefly US) A group of persons summoned by a writ of venire facias to appear in court for jury selection.
n
(law) A judicial writ or precept directed to the sheriff, requiring him to cause a certain number of qualified persons to appear in court at a specified time to serve as jurors.
n
(law) A judicial writ directing that a new jury be impanelled and that a new trial be held, due to some irregularity (especially a procedural irregularity) arising in the original trial.
n
(law) A potential juror summoned for duty.
n
(US, law) A potential juror who appears in court for jury selection.
n
(law, England, Wales, New Zealand, Australia, US) A preliminary hearing without a jury in order to determine whether the evidence meets the test for admissibility to go to a full hearing at a criminal trial, in the legal systems of England and Wales, New Zealand, Australia, and the United States.
n
(law) A written order, issued by a court, ordering someone to do (or stop doing) something.
n
(historical, US) a court order that authorized customs officers to conduct general searches of premises for contraband; a form of search warrant
n
(law) a court order authorising an officer to carry a judgment into execution.
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