n
(philosophy) Reality in relation to the divine mind.
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(ethics) The branch of ethics that examines moral questions of right and wrong arising in specific areas of practical concern, as, for example, in medicine or business.
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(ethics) The branch of ethics that examines questions of moral right and wrong arising in the context of business practice or theory.
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(ethics) A fundamental ethical principle intended as a guide for determining whether any contemplated action is morally right, based on the concept that an action is good or bad in and of itself regardless of what the actor's aims or preferences are.
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A list of statements and/or exemplars used by organisations to guide their members in differentiating between right and wrong and in applying understandings to their decision making.
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A person who champions any philosophy which focuses on the completeness of something; as, a completist philosopher who holds that a definite complete body of knowledge exists to be discovered
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reification; the fallacy of treating an abstraction like a real entity
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(chiefly fiction, narratology) A personification of the moral sense of right and wrong, usually in the form of a person, a being or merely a voice that gives moral lessons and advices.
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(ethics) The belief that consequences form the basis for any valid moral judgment about an action. Thus, from a consequentialist standpoint, a morally right action is one that produces a good outcome, or consequence.
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A doctrine of contemplation.
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(ethics) The study of people's beliefs about morality, in contrast to normative ethics and metaethics.
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(ethics) The meta-ethical stance that ethical judgments, such as those containing the words "should" and "ought to", are primarily expressions of one's own attitude and imperatives meant to change the attitudes and actions of another.
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Alternative form of entelechy. [(Aristotelian metaphysics) The complete realisation and final form of some potential concept or function; the conditions under which a potential thing becomes actualized.]
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(philosophy, theology) The principle in ethics that a law can be broken to achieve a greater good.
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A set of principles of right and wrong behaviour guiding, or representative of, a specific culture, society, group, or individual.
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(ethics) The golden rule used by philosophers.
adj
(not comparable) Of or relating to the accepted principles of right and wrong, especially those of some organization or profession.
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A position in normative ethics, stating that moral agents ought to act in their own self-interest.
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(ethics) A particular set of consistent ethical principles.
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ethical beliefs and behaviour generally
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The application of ethics.
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Obsolete form of ethic. [A set of principles of right and wrong behaviour guiding, or representative of, a specific culture, society, group, or individual.]
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(philosophy) A dilemma as to whether things that are morally good are commanded by God because they are morally good, or whether they are morally good because they are God's commands.
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(philosophy) In the philosophy of Quentin Meillassoux, the principle that things could be other than they are — we can imagine reality as being fundamentally different even if we never know such a reality — part of a critique of correlationism.
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(philosophy, natural science) The purpose, goal, or end fulfilled by a thing.
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(philosophy, natural science) The design, pattern, or pure concept of a thing, which gives form or structure to its matter.
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(ethics) The principle that one should treat other people in the manner in which one would want to be treated by them.
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(philosophy) The criticism of a philosophy using its own standpoint
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(philosophy) The treatment of an idea as an instrument that functions as a guide to action.
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The doctrine that the ideas of right and wrong are intuitive.
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The philosophy or ethos of trying to achieve balance in one's life.
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(philosophy, religion) A hypothetical answer to all of life's ultimate questions; the purpose or raison d'être of human life.
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(ethics) The branch of ethics that examines questions of moral right and wrong arising in the context of the practice of medicine.
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(ethics) A written, formal, and consistent set of rules prescribing righteous behavior, accepted by a person or by a group of people.
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(philosophy, rare) The moral stance of accepting that moral system that is probably going to be dominant in the future.
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(ethics) An ethical principle or rule which requires and justifies a practice, policy, or state of affairs.
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(ethics) A standard or principle upheld as indispensable for moral conduct, whether within a particular context or in general.
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(philosophy) Any of several philosophical positions concerned with the differences in moral judgments across different people and cultures.
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The systematic, scientific study of human nature and relationships.
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(philosophy) A consistent set of moral axioms or principles.
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The moral nature of the universe as a whole in relation to human life, or a specific moral code.
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(uncountable, dated) Religious practice that focuses on morality while placing little emphasis on doctrine or the metaphysical; adherence to a system of morality with little or no reference to religion.
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A teacher of morals; a person who studies morality; a moral philosopher.
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(countable, rare) A particular theory concerning the grounds and nature of rightness, wrongness, good, and evil.
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(philosophy) An ethical theory that posits the existence of a law whose content is set by nature and that therefore has validity everywhere.
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(economics) economic thought in which one applies moral beliefs, or judgment, claiming that an outcome is "good" or "bad". For example: "this tax on cigarettes will be good because it will reduce smoking."
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(ethics) A branch of ethics concerned with classifying actions as right and wrong, attempting to develop a set of rules governing human conduct, or a set of norms for action.
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An approach to poetry in which the poet is regarded as just one object among the other objects in existence, rather than a subject through which they are mediated.
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The world as it really is; reality.
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(philosophy) That which is perceived by the mind, regardless of whether it corresponds to reality.
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(countable) A general principle (usually moral).
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(philosophy) The virtue of "practical wisdom" as posited by Aristotle.
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(philosophy) The synthesis of theory and practice, without presuming the primacy of either.
adj
(ethics) Belonging to the earliest of Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development, focusing on self-interest and on obedience for the sake of avoiding punishment.
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(philosophy) The initial agent that is the cause of all things.
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(philosophy, rhetoric) The principle according to which an argument should be evaluated in light of its best, strongest possible interpretation.
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A system of ethics based on the four moral principles of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice.
adj
Belonging or pertaining to an early form of minimalism.
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(social sciences, economics, political science, sociology) A theory that argues individual decisions are based on that individual's understanding of the costs and benefits of a given action, shaped throughout the assumptions of self-interest and rational actors.
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(philosophy) The doctrine that it is rational to act in one's own self-interest.
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(ethics) A form of utilitarianism that says an action is right as it conforms to a rule that leads to the greatest good.
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(philosophy) A view according to which morality is somehow grounded in moral sentiments or emotions.
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(ethics) The principle that one should not treat other people in the manner in which one would not want to be treated by them.
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(countable) A particular philosophical school, system, or work representative of this kind of philosophy.
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(ethics) The doctrine that values and moral principles come from attitudes, convention, whim, or preference.
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A type of thought experiment in ethics and psychology, involving ethical dilemmas of whether to sacrifice one person to save a larger number.
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A theory suggesting that absolute chance, or indeterminism, is a real factor operative in the universe.
adj
(ethics) pertaining to utilitarianism
n
(philosophy) The theory that action should be directed toward achieving the "greatest happiness for the greatest number of people" (hedonistic universalism), or one of various related theories.
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A hierarchy of values that all moral beings have, reflected in their choices. Most people's value systems differ. It's an individualistic concept. One's value system is molded by one's virtues or vices, and experiences.
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The idea that morality is simply a cultural manner that hides man's innate amorality.
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One of the three major approaches to normative ethics, emphasizing the role of one's character and the virtues that one's character embodies for determining or evaluating ethical behavior.
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