(mathematics) Of or pertaining to an adele ring.

specifically, the use of algebraic geometry and commutative algebra in statistics.

Alternative form of analytic geometry [(geometry) The subbranch of geometry that investigates geometrical figures via the mathematical properties of their representations in a coordinate system.]

(mathematical analysis) A procedure used to find a particular solution to certain types of inhomogeneous ordinary differential equation.

(mathematics) An inverse hyperbolic function

An algorithm used to find the unknown parameters of a hidden Markov model.

Any variable that is part of a Bernoulli process.

(mathematical analysis) A mathematical function that is also called the Euler integral of the first kind; it is a symmetric special function.

Alternative form of beta function [(mathematical analysis) A mathematical function that is also called the Euler integral of the first kind; it is a symmetric special function.]

(mathematics) Acting as a finite flat Galois morphism with Galois group (Z/2)²-.

(mathematics) An abelian group that is both a left and a right module, such that the left and right multiplications are compatible

(mathematics) Of a polynomial expression, involving only the zeroth, second, and fourth powers of a variable, as x⁴ + 3x² + 2. Sometimes extended to any expression involving the biquadrate or fourth power (but no higher powers), as x⁴ − 4x³ + 3x² − x + 1.

(mathematics, physics) A generalization of the statistics of bosons and fermions based on the concept of braid group.

(mathematics) A measure of connectivity in certain networks

(mathematics) A multidimensional version of the Cantor set, formed by taking a finite Cartesian product of the Cantor set with itself.

(of a sequence in a metric space) Whose terms become arbitrarily close to one another.

(mathematics) The differential equation (d³ʸ)/(dx³)=2y(d²ʸ)/(dx²)-3((dy)/(dx))².

(mathematics) a structure that is dual to unital associative algebras

(mathematics) The mapping of an array into a cogroup.

(mathematics) A graphical technique for solving discrete-time systems, useful in finding the stationary points.

(mathematics) The assignment of a color to each vertex of a graph such that each color class forms an independent set in the graph or its complement

(mathematics) The dual of the graph of a function. It is an ordinate-indexed partition of the disjoint union of the set of abscissas and ordinates of the function.

(mathematics) A family of behavioural equivalences which factors through all elements of a second specified family of behavioural equivalences and for which any morphism that factors through the second family of behavioural equivalences also factors through its elements.

(mathematical analysis, of a metric space) In which every Cauchy sequence converges to a point within the space.

(mathematics) The act of making a metric space complete by adding points.

(mathematics, of a number) Having the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers and i is (by definition) the imaginary square root of −1.

(mathematics) A function whose range is a subset of the set of complex numbers.

(mathematics) combined trace

(mathematics) The dual of a norm.

(mathematics) The nondenumerable set of real numbers; more generally, any compact connected metric space.

(mathematics) Generally, denoting an object inversed and transposed (to another).

(mathematical analysis, topology) Of a sequence or series in a topological space, converging to a (finite, proper) limit.

(mathematics) An instance, or the process, of cross-multiplying.

(mathematics) the analytical extraction of the complex roots of unity; a de Moivre number

(algebra) The identity x²-y²=(x+y)(x-y), that holds for all real numbers.

(graph theory) The property of a graph such that its vertices can be listed in an order such that, for every vertex, the vertex is a subdominant vertex (has an adjacent vertex that is adjacent to every other vertex that it is adjacent to) in the induced subgraph generated by that vertex and all subsequent vertices.

(mathematics, topology, mathematical analysis) An open and connected set in some topology. For example, the interval (0,1) as a subset of the real numbers.

(mathematics) A totally disconnected set of points with a fractal structure.

(algebra) An operation taking two operands.

(mathematics, of a function) The set of all points lying on or above the function's graph.

(mathematics) Any real vector space on which a real-valued inner product (and, consequently, a metric) is defined.

(mathematics) Any function in which an independent variable is in the form of an exponent; they are the inverse functions of logarithms

(mathematics) Obtaining strong convergence without strong monotonicity by projecting twice on the underlying set of constraints.

(mathematics) The equation Xⁿ+Yⁿ=Zⁿ, which defines a Fermat curve.

(mathematics) To expand a product of two or more algebraic expressions, typically binomials.

(mathematics) The value e^π (approximately 23.140692632779), known to be transcendental.

(calculus) A differential operator that maps each point of a scalar field to a vector pointed in the direction of the greatest rate of change of the scalar. Notation for a scalar field φ: ∇φ

(calculus) Letting ⃑G=(P,Q) be a vector field, and d⃑l=(dx,dy) this can be restated as

(computing, attributive) A form of branch predictor that implements multiple prediction mechanisms with different indexing functions.

(mathematics) A logarithmic line on a Gunter's scale, which is used to perform the multiplication and division of numbers mechanically with only dividers.

(mathematics) A type of formal infinite series, a generalization of Puiseux series. They allow for arbitrary exponents of the indeterminate so long as the set supporting them forms a well-ordered subset of the value group.

(mathematics) (referring to an interval on the real line) containing only one of its endpoints

(mathematics) One of a class of functions that enter into the development of the potential of a nearly spherical mass due to its attraction.

(mathematics) A function of two, three or n variables which is a solution to any of Laplace's equations

(mathematics) Alternative spelling of homogeneous function [(mathematics) homogeneous polynomial]

(mathematics) Having a higher order than normal

(mathematics) A superset of classes

(mathematics) A complex number consisting of more than two square roots of negative one, creating multiple simulated dimensions.

(mathematics, rare) A Confluent hypergeometric function

(mathematics) The set of all subsets of a set of with the (infinite) cardinality of the continuum.

(mathematics) That produces or exhibits hypercontractivity

(mathematics) A group of related probability distributions

(mathematics) Pertaining to a hyperexponential distribution.

(mathematics) A field in which the operation of addition is multivalued

(mathematics) Both finite and approximately finite dimensional

(mathematics) A generalization of a function

(mathematics) Such a function, series etc.

(mathematics) Any function that is a solution of the hypergeometric equation; usually an expansion of an hypergeometric series

hypergeometric

(mathematics) A box formed of intervals in multiple directions.

(mathematics) Tetration.

(mathematics) A prior distribution on a hyperparameter.

(mathematics) Any of a set of numbers which extends the set of real numbers by including infinitesimals and infinities, and is used in nonstandard analysis.

(mathematics) Relating to hypersequents

(mathematics) A central moment of the fifth order.

(mathematics) The condition of being hypertranscendental

(mathematics) A mapping where the domain is a subset of the image.

(mathematics) A connected section of the real line which may be empty or have a length of zero.

(mathematics) A function that is the inverse of an appropriate restriction of a trigonometric function.

(mathematics) A method in geometric topology for modifying framed links in the 3-sphere using a finite set of moves (the Kirby moves).

(mathematics) A method of fitting a straight line through a series of points such that the sum of the squares of the residuals is minimized

(mathematical analysis) (of a set in some k-dimensional Euclidean space) That it is an element of the domain of the Lebesgue measure of the ambient Euclidean space.

(mathematics) An even unimodular lattice Λ₂₄ in 24-dimensional Euclidean space, which is one of the best models for the problem of finding the maximum possible kissing number for n-dimensional spheres in (n + 1)-dimensional Euclidean space.

(mathematics) Given a function f(x,y,z,...) which is concave up with respect to x (i.e., its second derivative with respect to x is greater than zero), an involutive procedure for replacing x with another variable, say p=∂f/∂x thus yielding another function, say F=F(p,y,z,...). This new function contains all of the information of the original f encoded, as it were, within it so that ∂F/∂p=x and applying a similar transformation to F yields the original f. The formula is: F(p,y,z,...)=p·x(p)-f(x(p),y,z,...) where x must be expressed as a function of p. (Note: The concave upwardness means that ∂f/∂x is monotonically increasing, which means that p as a function of x is invertible, so x should be expressible as a function of p.)

(mathematics) Of or relating to a class of polynomial of the form y=ax+b.

(mathematics) A partially ordered set with the following additional axiomatic properties: any finite subset of it has a meet, any arbitrary subset of it has a join, and distributivity, which states that a binary meet distributes with respect to an arbitrary join. (Note: locales are just like frames except that the category of locales is opposite to the category of frames.)

(mathematics) A truncated Maclaurin series; the sum of the first n terms of a Maclaurin series.

(mathematics, group theory) The property of a subgroup H of a group G where, for any x in G but not in H, H and Hˣ intersect in the identity element.

(mathematics) the set of complex numbers c for which the orbit of 0 under iteration of the complex quadratic polynomial zₙ₊₁ = zₙ² + c remains bounded. The boundary of this set is a fractal.

(mathematics) A function for the measurement of the "distance" between two points in some metric space: it is a real-valued function d(x,y) between points x and y satisfying the following properties: (1) "non-negativity": d(x,y)>0, (2) "identity of indiscernibles": d(x,y)=0 mbox iffx=y, (3) "symmetry": d(x,y)=d(y,x), and (4) "triangle inequality": d(x,y)