Peganum harmala, commonly called wild rue, Syrian rue, African rue, esfand or espand,Mahmoud Omidsalar Esfand: a common weed found in Persia, Central Asia, and the adjacent areas Encyclopedia Iranica Vol.

(organic chemistry) Any of various alkaloids of similar chemical structure, including harmine, harmaline, and harmalol, that function as MAOIs and are found in the seeds of Peganum harmala.