Characteristic value of a matrix.

In numerical analysis, one of the most important problems is designing efficient and stable algorithms for finding the eigenvalues of a matrix.

In mathematics, an eigenvalue perturbation problem is that of finding the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of a system that is perturbed from one with known eigenvectors and eigenvalues .

In numerical linear algebra, the Jacobi eigenvalue algorithm is an iterative method for the calculation of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a real symmetric matrix (a process known as diagonalization).