The common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula, from the Greek for "furry tailed" and the Latin for "little fox", previously in the genus Phalangista) is a nocturnal, semiarboreal marsupial of the family Phalangeridae, native to Australia and invasive in New Zealand, and the second-largest of the possums.

The common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) was introduced from Australia to New Zealand, where it has become invasive and a major agricultural and conservation pest.