The word "willful" appears in literature as a multifaceted descriptor, often conveying unyielding independence or deliberate defiance. For instance, in [1] the term is used to chastise a rebellious creature as a “willful beast,” while in [2] it characterizes unnecessary incivility that leads to irrational actions. Authors also employ "willful" to depict characters who choose their own, sometimes contrary, paths as seen in [3] and [4] from Bret Harte’s work. In more formal or legal contexts, such as in [5] and [6], "willful" underscores the gravity of purposeful desertion as a cause for divorce, implying both intent and consequence. Moreover, the term enriches character descriptions by highlighting traits like stubborn generosity and obstinate independence ([7], [8]), and even extends to judgments on opinion and behavior in works by Whitman ([9]) and Dewey ([10]). Thus, across various texts and contexts, "willful" consistently denotes actions or attitudes marked by deliberate, self-determined defiance, whether admired for their independence or condemned for their obstinacy ([11], [12], [13], [14], [15]).