Literary notes about touchstone (AI summary)
The term "touchstone" in literature often serves both as a metaphorical benchmark for authenticity and as a literal tool for testing purity. For instance, Louisa May Alcott employs the term to symbolize the measure of a person's genuine nature, suggesting that a sound and sweet character serves as a touchstone for others’ authenticity [1]. Similarly, in Plato’s Gorgias, Socrates refers to maintaining his fundamental standard of truth when he laments possibly losing his touchstone [2, 3]. Oscar Wilde and Santayana also use the idea to invoke the notion of an unwavering criterion against which ideas or characters are measured [4, 5]. Meanwhile, in works like Walter Scott’s Ivanhoe, the term is used more literally—to test gold, thereby drawing a parallel between an established standard of quality and the evaluation of human character or argumentation [6, 7].