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Literary notes about surprised (AI summary)

Authors employ "surprised" to capture a moment of abrupt, often multifaceted reaction, whether it be a physical startle, an emotional awakening, or a sudden cognitive shift. In many instances, the word conveys not only an unexpected encounter from the world around the character—as when a visitor appears unannounced, unsettling the calm of an evening [1]—but also a deeper, sometimes ironic internal acknowledgment of change, as seen when terrifying emotions give way to a reflective astonishment [2]. At other moments, the term underscores social subtleties or humorous ironies, such as when a character’s polite astonishment reveals underlying tension or unspoken thoughts [3] [4]. This versatile use of "surprised" enriches narrative style by providing insight into character dynamics and setting the tone for ensuing developments.
  1. THE LAST NIGHT Mr. Utterson was sitting by his fireside one evening after dinner, when he was surprised to receive a visit from Poole.
    — from The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson
  2. All at once my fears departed, and left me merely surprised at my terror.
    — from Emile by Jean-Jacques Rousseau
  3. " "I am surprised, sir," boomed Challenger, stroking his majestic beard, "that any man of science should commit himself to so ignoble a sentiment.
    — from The Lost World by Arthur Conan Doyle
  4. Mrs. Fairfax surprised me by looking out of the window with a sad countenance, and saying gravely—“Miss Eyre, will you come to breakfast?”
    — from Jane Eyre: An Autobiography by Charlotte Brontë

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