Literary notes about pessimism (AI summary)
The term "pessimism" in literature is rich in nuance, serving both as a descriptor of philosophical stances and as a reflection of personal or cultural moods. In philosophical texts, it is often explored as a form of moral or metaphysical doubt—seen, for instance, when it is closely examined in relation to a broader worldview and even as an element that can be transformed into a form of strength ([1],[2],[3]). At the same time, writers employ pessimism to capture the emotional and existential states of characters, using it to underscore themes of despair, resignation, or even ironic self-awareness in everyday life ([4],[5]). This layered usage allows pessimism to function not only as a critique of excessive negativity—sometimes lampooned for its overuse—but also as an integral component of broader discussions on the nature of truth, art, and human experience ([6],[7]).