The word “impugned” in literature is often employed to cast doubt on established claims or doctrines, thereby challenging their accepted validity. For instance, Plutarch’s use criticizes evidence that supports miraculous occurrences, suggesting that such evidence should not be easily dismissed or impugned [1]. Chesterton, on the other hand, leverages the term to underline the inherent contradictions within religious institutions, explicitly implicating the moral failings of monks as the focus of criticism rather than their virtues [2]. Meanwhile, John Stuart Mill applies “impugned” to question widely held beliefs such as the existence of God and accepted moral doctrines, thereby urging a reconsideration of these long-standing opinions [3].