Literary notes about impoverished (AI summary)
Literary authors employ "impoverished" in multifaceted ways that extend beyond its literal indication of lacking wealth. In some works, the term describes barren or depleted lands, as when Jefferson questions whether increased crops leave the land itself impoverished [1] or when Hugo laments a spring that leaves both land and water poor [2]. At the same time, the adjective paints vivid portraits of individuals and families fallen on hard times—consider the noble yet reduced family in Shelley's narrative [3] or the depiction of a beggarly figure in Scott's romantic saga [4]. In other contexts, "impoverished" serves as a metaphor for moral or intellectual decay, suggesting that even ideals may be degraded when untethered from reality [5]. This layered usage enriches literary settings by imbuing both landscapes and characters with a sense of loss, decline, and the relentless struggle against adversity.