Literary notes about collier (AI summary)
The term "collier" appears in literature with a range of meanings, oscillating between an occupational descriptor and a personal or satirical epithet. In some texts, it denotes a coal-carrier or miner; for instance, in Dickens’s Great Expectations a collier is described vividly with her "galley-fire smoking" as a figure emblematic of working-class resourcefulness [1]. In the poetry of Robert Burns, "Collier laddie" enters into affectionate local dialogue that evokes the lives of miners and their communities, giving a distinctly regional flavour to his verse [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]. Meanwhile, in works like Ben Jonson’s The Alchemist and Rabelais’s Gargantua and Pantagruel the term is deployed pejoratively—to chide or insult—thus suggesting roughness or vulgarity [7], [8]. Additionally, "Collier" functions as a surname in letters and essays by Jane Austen and Mark Twain, transforming from an occupation to an identity marker [9], [10]. The varied usage, from occupational reference to metaphor and proper name, reflects the word’s adaptability in early modern and later literature, signaling both social class and character traits depending on the context [11], [12], [13].
- It was very cold, and, a collier coming by us, with her galley-fire smoking and flaring, looked like a comfortable home.
— from Great Expectations by Charles Dickens - “They a' are mine, &c. “Ye shall gang in gay attire, Weel buskit up sae gaudy; And ane to wait on every hand, Gin ye'll leave your Collier laddie.”
— from Poems and Songs of Robert Burns by Robert Burns - My Collier Laddie “Whare live ye, my bonie lass?
— from Poems and Songs of Robert Burns by Robert Burns - Tow When She Cam' Ben She Bobbed Scroggam, My Dearie My Collier Laddie Sic A Wife As Willie Had Lady Mary Ann Kellyburn Braes The Slave's Lament
— from Poems and Songs of Robert Burns by Robert Burns - The sun shines on sae brawlie; They a' are mine, and they shall be thine, Gin ye'll leave your Collier laddie.
— from Poems and Songs of Robert Burns by Robert Burns - And tell me what they ca' ye;” “My name,” she says, “is mistress Jean, And I follow the Collier laddie.”
— from Poems and Songs of Robert Burns by Robert Burns - Hang thee, collier, And all thy pots, and pans, in picture, I will, Since thou hast moved me— DOL.
— from The Alchemist by Ben Jonson - Each one cried out, Thou filthy collier toad, Doth it become thee to be found abroad?
— from Gargantua and Pantagruel by François Rabelais - It may never come to anything, but I must provide for the possibility by troubling you to send up my silk pelisse by Collier on Saturday.
— from The Letters of Jane Austen by Jane Austen - Mr. Collier wrote to Lord Campbell to ask his opinion as to the probability of this being true.
— from What Is Man? and Other Essays by Mark Twain - Jeremy Collier attacks stage 1700.
— from English Literature by William J. Long - Collier, John, 732 .
— from Introduction to the Science of Sociology by E. W. Burgess and Robert Ezra Park - H2 anchor Deluded Swain, The Pleasure Tune—“The Collier's Dochter.” Deluded swain,
— from Poems and Songs of Robert Burns by Robert Burns