In literature, the word “caused” serves as a pivotal connector between actions and their effects, functioning on both grand and intimate scales. Authors use it to denote the origin of consequential events, ranging from the internal—such as a character’s self-inflicted regret or anxiety [1, 2, 3]—to the extrinsic, exemplified by historical upheavals, divine interventions, or even natural phenomena [4, 5, 6]. In some texts, “caused” highlights the tangible triggers of physical or emotional responses, as seen in descriptions of bodily reactions, sudden changes in mood, or unexpected disruptions in the narrative flow [7, 8, 9]. Whether elucidating mythic feats [10, 11], outlining the chain of events that lead to political or social turmoil [12, 13], or underscoring personal responsibility and its repercussions [14, 15], “caused” consistently functions as a bridge linking causes with their outcomes, enriching the layered complexity of the narrative by illuminating how various elements—be they human actions, natural events, or supernatural powers—intertwine to shape the unfolding story [16, 17, 18].