In literature, "startling" is frequently employed to convey sudden, unexpected change—whether in language, emotion, or imagery—that jolts both characters and readers. Writers use the term to heighten dramatic tension, as in moments where a shocking revelation upends an otherwise steady narrative flow ([1], [2], [3]), or to portray an abrupt disruption in mood or setting that challenges the reader’s expectations ([4], [5], [6]). In some works, it accentuates the contrast between elements—be it physical attributes or thematic juxtapositions—as a means of deepening the impact of the scene ([7], [8], [9]). Additionally, "startling" can describe transformative moments in character behavior or sudden shifts in narrative perspective, lending an immediacy that not only surprises but also invites closer examination of underlying ideas or societal commentaries ([10], [11], [12]). Overall, its varied use underscores the power of the unexpected and reinforces the emotional or intellectual intensity of the literary moment.