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Literary notes about Propensity (AI summary)

The word "propensity" in literature often connotes an intrinsic inclination or disposition that defines a character’s nature or behavior. Authors use it to suggest both admirable and nefarious tendencies, as when Poe implies that proper physical action might expel wickedness [1] or when Austen points to a habitual inclination toward animosity [2]. In moral and philosophical discourse, it stands for natural drives that must be regulated, whether to foster ethical self-esteem as Kant explores [3] or to examine the instinctual lure toward vice, as Freud considers in his exploration of criminal behavior [4]. Meanwhile, writers also cast it in a more neutral or even positive light, describing tendencies related to creativity, vigor, or even the pursuit of virtue [5, 6]. Thus, across diverse texts—from the reflective musings of Hume and de Tocqueville to the satirical observations in Dickens—the term bridges the realms of innate temperament and cultural commentary, deepening our understanding of human nature.
  1. If each blow in the proper direction drives an evil propensity out, it follows that every thump in an opposite one knocks its quota of wickedness in.
    — from The Works of Edgar Allan Poe, The Raven Edition by Edgar Allan Poe
  2. "And your defect is a propensity to hate every body."
    — from Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen
  3. Now the propensity to self-esteem is one of the inclinations which the moral law checks, inasmuch as that esteem rests only on morality.
    — from The Critique of Practical Reason by Immanuel Kant
  4. Accordingly we may always safely assume that crimes forbidden by law are crimes which many men have a natural propensity to commit.
    — from Totem and Taboo by Sigmund Freud
  5. In short, the savage is willing to restrain his sexual propensity for the sake of food.
    — from The Golden Bough: A Study of Magic and Religion by James George Frazer
  6. And yet this was originally a great man, of uncommon capacity, and a strong propensity to virtue.
    — from The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. 01 (of 12) by Edmund Burke

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