Writers employ "infallible" to emphasize unerring certainty or to satirize claims of absolute authority. In some contexts, it denotes an almost sacred or unchallengeable truth—whether referring to doctrinal claims about a pope’s authority ([1], [2]), the enduring reliability of sacred scriptures ([3]), or the unwavering consistency of philosophical systems ([4]). In contrast, other authors use it ironically to question or undermine supposed perfection, suggesting that even the most accepted standards or judgments can be flawed ([5], [6]). This multifaceted use shows how "infallible" functions both as a term of reverence and as a critical tool, challenging the reader to consider the limits of human—and sometimes divine—certainty ([7], [8]).