The word “included” serves as a flexible tool in literature that can indicate literal membership, enumeration, or even metaphorical integration within a larger whole. In historical and descriptive texts, it often marks items that are part of a set—a city not belonging to a specific division [1], a list of items such as buffaloes and spices sent as gifts [2], or official salaries and arms noted in administrative accounts [3, 4]. In more abstract or narrative contexts, authors use “included” to signal that certain qualities or characters are subsumed within broader categorizations, as when Shakespeare refers to the fading glories of a circle [5] or when the nuanced roles of beings in society are encompassed in discussions of duty or happiness [6, 7]. Even in technical treatises and grammar manuals, the term is employed to group rules or examples for conceptual convenience [8, 9]. In each usage, “included” functions to unite parts with their wholes, clarifying relationships and emphasizing completeness.