The term “ibid” (short for the Latin ibidem, meaning “in the same place”) is commonly used in scholarly literature to indicate that a citation refers back to the immediately preceding source, thereby avoiding repetitive listings of the same reference. Authors utilize “ibid” to streamline their footnotes or endnotes, as seen in many of the examples provided. For instance, in [1] and [2] the notation “ibid” immediately follows the original citation, signifying that the subsequent quote or data point is drawn from the same work without restating full bibliographic information. Similarly, [3] and [4] illustrate cases where “ibid” is combined with additional context or specific page numbers, ensuring clarity while maintaining brevity. The diverse usage across texts—from historical works like [5] and [4] to modern sociological studies as in [6] and [7]—demonstrates “ibid” as a vital tool in academic writing for efficiently linking related citations.