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Literary notes about Expostulate (AI summary)

The word "expostulate" is employed in literature as a versatile term denoting the act of earnestly arguing or reasoning with someone, often in protest or to dissuade a course of action. In Samuel Richardson's Pamela, for instance, it appears multiple times where characters either defer discussion until after an action is taken or use it as a polite interjection to signal a desire to argue their point (e.g., [1], [2], [3], [4]). Thomas Hardy's Tess notably does not expostulate, suggesting a deliberate silence in the face of circumstances (as seen in [5]), while in Jane Austen's Lady Susan, the term underscores a passionate, heartfelt intervention ([6]). Other authors, such as Edmund Burke and John Bunyan, invoke the term to emphasize the weighty, more formal debates with figures of authority or wisdom ([7], [8]), and even in dramatic contexts like Shakespeare's Othello, it connotes a calculated refusal to engage in further argument ([9]). Across these examples, from Bram Stoker's Dracula to Chekhov’s narrative, "expostulate" retains its core sense of spirited disputation, though its tone adapts to the situational demands of each literary work ([10], [11], [12], [13]).
  1. That if the husband be set upon a wrong thing, she must not dispute with him, but do it and, expostulate afterwards.
    — from Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded by Samuel Richardson
  2. Ay, out of the room, said I; expostulate to-morrow, if you must expostulate!
    — from Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded by Samuel Richardson
  3. God defend my poor Pamela till to-morrow, and we will both go together.—Says he, let me but expostulate a word or two with you, Pamela.
    — from Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded by Samuel Richardson
  4. Ay, out of the room, said I; expostulate to-morrow, if you must expostulate!
    — from Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded by Samuel Richardson
  5. " Tess did not expostulate.
    — from Tess of the d'Urbervilles: A Pure Woman by Thomas Hardy
  6. " "His disposition, you know, is warm, and he came to expostulate with me; his compassion all alive for this ill-used girl, this heroine in distress!
    — from Lady Susan by Jane Austen
  7. Let us expostulate with these learned sages, these priests of the sacred temple of justice.
    — from The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. 01 (of 12) by Edmund Burke
  8. Yea, that I might them better palliate, I did too with them thus expostulate:-- {4} May I not write in such a style as this?
    — from The Pilgrim's Progress from this world to that which is to come by John Bunyan
  9. OTHELLO Get me some poison, Iago; this night.—I'll not expostulate with her, lest her body and beauty unprovide my mind again:—this night, Iago.
    — from Othello, the Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare
  10. And Job, how earnestly does he expostulate with God, for the many Afflictions he suffered, notwithstanding his Righteousnesse?
    — from Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes
  11. He has at present such a quantity that I have had myself to expostulate.
    — from Dracula by Bram Stoker
  12. The steward attempted to expostulate.
    — from Twenty years after by Alexandre Dumas and Auguste Maquet
  13. When I began to expostulate with him, he put his fingers in his ears as usual, and sang loudly to drown my voice.”
    — from Project Gutenberg Compilation of Short Stories by Chekhov by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov

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