Literary notes about CURTSY (AI summary)
The word “curtsy” has been employed across literature as a multifaceted signifier of politeness, deference, and character nuance. In many works, it marks a formal gesture imbued with social grace—as seen in Adam Mickiewicz’s Pan Tadeusz, where characters greet one another with a carefully taught curtsy ([1], [2])—while in other texts it becomes a vivid portrayal of a character’s internal state. For instance, Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s characters sometimes perform curtsies in moments of haste or fear ([3], [4]), underscoring vulnerability, whereas in Nicholas Nickleby, curtsies are used both humorously and sarcastically to reveal the interplay of wit and duty ([5], [6]). Moreover, Emily Post’s etiquette manuals highlight the curtsy as a prescribed act of respect ([7], [8], [9]), and authors like George Eliot and Frances Hodgson Burnett depict it as a marker of both rural simplicity and refined graciousness ([10], [11], [12], [13]). Thus, across a spectrum of narratives—from the ceremonious and formal to the subtly ironic—the act of making a curtsy serves as a literary device that encapsulates the social norms and emotional intricacies of its characters.
- Sophia, lowering her eyes and blushing, greeted the guests with a curtsy (she had been taught by Telimena how to curtsy gracefully).
— from Pan Tadeusz; or, The last foray in Lithuania by Adam Mickiewicz - Sophia, lowering her eyes and blushing, greeted the guests with a curtsy (she had been taught by Telimena how to curtsy gracefully).
— from Pan Tadeusz; or, The last foray in Lithuania by Adam Mickiewicz - Luise Ivanovna made haste to curtsy almost to the ground, and with mincing little steps, she fluttered out of the office.
— from Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoyevsky - Sonia, in confusion, gave a hurried, frightened curtsy.
— from Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoyevsky - ‘Oh, I dare say not, ma’am!’ cried Miss Squeers, with another curtsy.
— from Nicholas Nickleby by Charles Dickens - ‘Oh, ma’am, how witty you are,’ retorted Miss Squeers with a low curtsy, ‘almost as witty, ma’am, as you are clever.
— from Nicholas Nickleby by Charles Dickens - until at last you are admitted to the Audience Chamber where you approach the receiving Royalties; you curtsy deeply before them and then back out.
— from Etiquette by Emily Post - Little boys are always taught to bow to visitors; little girls to curtsy.
— from Etiquette by Emily Post - When she herself goes to a party, she must say, "How do you do," when she enters the room, and curtsy to the lady who receives.
— from Etiquette by Emily Post - She made her little rustic curtsy, and held the door wide for them to enter.
— from Silas Marner by George Eliot - And I don't want to be a lady—thank you all the same" (here Eppie dropped another curtsy).
— from Silas Marner by George Eliot - She made a curtsy—and it was a very nice one.
— from A Little Princess by Frances Hodgson Burnett - She dropped a low curtsy, first to Mrs. Cass and then to Mr. Cass, and said— "Thank you, ma'am—thank you, sir.
— from Silas Marner by George Eliot