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Literary notes about CURTSY (AI summary)

The word “curtsy” has been employed across literature as a multifaceted signifier of politeness, deference, and character nuance. In many works, it marks a formal gesture imbued with social grace—as seen in Adam Mickiewicz’s Pan Tadeusz, where characters greet one another with a carefully taught curtsy ([1], [2])—while in other texts it becomes a vivid portrayal of a character’s internal state. For instance, Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s characters sometimes perform curtsies in moments of haste or fear ([3], [4]), underscoring vulnerability, whereas in Nicholas Nickleby, curtsies are used both humorously and sarcastically to reveal the interplay of wit and duty ([5], [6]). Moreover, Emily Post’s etiquette manuals highlight the curtsy as a prescribed act of respect ([7], [8], [9]), and authors like George Eliot and Frances Hodgson Burnett depict it as a marker of both rural simplicity and refined graciousness ([10], [11], [12], [13]). Thus, across a spectrum of narratives—from the ceremonious and formal to the subtly ironic—the act of making a curtsy serves as a literary device that encapsulates the social norms and emotional intricacies of its characters.
  1. Sophia, lowering her eyes and blushing, greeted the guests with a curtsy (she had been taught by Telimena how to curtsy gracefully).
    — from Pan Tadeusz; or, The last foray in Lithuania by Adam Mickiewicz
  2. Sophia, lowering her eyes and blushing, greeted the guests with a curtsy (she had been taught by Telimena how to curtsy gracefully).
    — from Pan Tadeusz; or, The last foray in Lithuania by Adam Mickiewicz
  3. Luise Ivanovna made haste to curtsy almost to the ground, and with mincing little steps, she fluttered out of the office.
    — from Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoyevsky
  4. Sonia, in confusion, gave a hurried, frightened curtsy.
    — from Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoyevsky
  5. ‘Oh, I dare say not, ma’am!’ cried Miss Squeers, with another curtsy.
    — from Nicholas Nickleby by Charles Dickens
  6. ‘Oh, ma’am, how witty you are,’ retorted Miss Squeers with a low curtsy, ‘almost as witty, ma’am, as you are clever.
    — from Nicholas Nickleby by Charles Dickens
  7. until at last you are admitted to the Audience Chamber where you approach the receiving Royalties; you curtsy deeply before them and then back out.
    — from Etiquette by Emily Post
  8. Little boys are always taught to bow to visitors; little girls to curtsy.
    — from Etiquette by Emily Post
  9. When she herself goes to a party, she must say, "How do you do," when she enters the room, and curtsy to the lady who receives.
    — from Etiquette by Emily Post
  10. She made her little rustic curtsy, and held the door wide for them to enter.
    — from Silas Marner by George Eliot
  11. And I don't want to be a lady—thank you all the same" (here Eppie dropped another curtsy).
    — from Silas Marner by George Eliot
  12. She made a curtsy—and it was a very nice one.
    — from A Little Princess by Frances Hodgson Burnett
  13. She dropped a low curtsy, first to Mrs. Cass and then to Mr. Cass, and said— "Thank you, ma'am—thank you, sir.
    — from Silas Marner by George Eliot

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