Usually means: Unexpected information quantified as entropy.
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We found 20 dictionaries that define the word surprisal:

General (18 matching dictionaries)
  1. surprisal: Merriam-Webster
  2. surprisal: American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
  3. surprisal: Collins English Dictionary
  4. surprisal: Vocabulary.com
  5. surprisal: Wordnik
  6. surprisal: Wiktionary
  7. surprisal: Webster's New World College Dictionary, 4th Ed.
  8. surprisal: Infoplease Dictionary
  9. surprisal: Dictionary.com
  10. Surprisal: Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
  11. Surprisal: Online Plain Text English Dictionary
  12. surprisal: Webster's Revised Unabridged, 1913 Edition
  13. surprisal: Rhymezone
  14. Surprisal: AllWords.com Multi-Lingual Dictionary
  15. surprisal: Webster's 1828 Dictionary
  16. surprisal: FreeDictionary.org
  17. surprisal: Mnemonic Dictionary
  18. surprisal: TheFreeDictionary.com

Business (1 matching dictionary)
  1. surprisal: Legal dictionary

Computing (1 matching dictionary)
  1. surprisal: Encyclopedia

(Note: See surprisals as well.)

Definitions from Wiktionary (surprisal)

noun:  (obsolete, military) A surprise attack or ambush; a sudden or unexpected assault.
noun:  (obsolete) A sudden coming-upon someone or something unexpectedly or unawares.
noun:  (obsolete) A surprising event or occurrence.
noun:  (obsolete) The feeling caused by being surprised; surprise, shock, amazement.
noun:  An information measure as equal in bits (binary digits) to the base-2 log of 1 over the probability, with the result that the number of choices equals 2ⁿ where n is the number of bits.

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